Kavli Affiliate: Alexander P. Ji | First 5 Authors: Vedant Chandra, Vedant Chandra, , , | Summary: The fifth-generation Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS-V) is conducting the first all-sky low-resolution spectroscopic survey of the Milky Way’s stellar halo. We describe the stellar parameter pipeline for the SDSS-V halo survey, which simultaneously models spectra, broadband photometry, […]
Kavli Affiliate: Thomas Crawford | First 5 Authors: Jorge Garcia, Jorge Garcia, , , | Summary: After analyzing the 4×4 determinant of a matrix, a shortcut was obtained to find such a determinant. Similarly to the Sarrus method for 2×2 or 3×3 determinants, the method consists of laying 19 columns of size 4 each and […]
Kavli Affiliate: Nicola Omodei | First 5 Authors: Rahul Gupta, Rahul Gupta, , , | Summary: We present a comprehensive multiwavelength analysis of GRB 240825A, a bright gamma-ray burst (GRB) detected by Fermi and Swift, with a prompt duration ($T_rm 90$ ~ 4 sec in 50-300 keV) near the boundary separating short and long GRBs, […]
Kavli Affiliate: Susan E. Clark | First 5 Authors: Yiqi Liu, Yiqi Liu, , , | Summary: We investigate how dust foreground complexity can affect measurements of the tensor-to-scalar ratio, $r$, in the context of the Simons Observatory, using a cross-spectrum component separation analysis. Employing a suite of simulations with realistic Galactic dust emission, we […]
Kavli Affiliate: Anna Frebel | First 5 Authors: , , , , | Summary: We report on the discovery of GDR3_526285 ($Gaia$ DR3 Source ID 5262850721755411072), a star with $rm[Fe/H] = -4.82 pm 0.25$ and one of the lowest metal ($textatomic number > 2$) mass fractions ever found ($Z_rm GDR3_526585 lesssim 1.0 times 10^-6$). We […]
Kavli Affiliate: Kohei Inayoshi | First 5 Authors: Takumi S. Tanaka, Takumi S. Tanaka, , , | Summary: JWST has revealed a new high-redshift population called little red dots (LRDs). Since LRDs may be in the early phase of black hole growth, identifying them in the early universe is crucial for understanding the formation of […]
Kavli Affiliate: Roberto Maiolino | First 5 Authors: Xihan Ji, Xihan Ji, , , | Summary: Recent JWST observations have revealed a puzzling population of optically red and compact galaxies with peculiar "V"-shaped spectra at high redshift, known as "Little Red Dots" (LRDs). Until now, most spectroscopically confirmed LRDs are found at z > 4 […]
Kavli Affiliate: Jing Wang | First 5 Authors: Yucheng Xie, Yucheng Xie, , , | Summary: Diffusion models have advanced from text-to-image (T2I) to image-to-image (I2I) generation by incorporating structured inputs such as depth maps, enabling fine-grained spatial control. However, existing methods either train separate models for each condition or rely on unified architectures with […]
Kavli Affiliate: Zhuo Li | First 5 Authors: Zhuo Li, Zhuo Li, , , | Summary: Large language models (LLMs) have significantly reshaped different walks of business. To meet the increasing demands for individualized railway service, we develop LLM4Rail – a novel LLM-augmented railway service consulting platform. Empowered by LLM, LLM4Rail can provide custom modules […]
Kavli Affiliate: Chao-Lin Kuo | First 5 Authors: A. R. Khalife, A. R. Khalife, , , | Summary: We present the most up-to-date constraints on axion early dark energy (AEDE) from cosmic microwave background (CMB) and baryon acoustic oscillation (BAO) measurements. In particular, we assess the impact of data from ground-based CMB experiments, the South […]