Kavli Affiliate: Michael S. Turner | First 5 Authors: Matilde Lopes Abreu, Matilde Lopes Abreu, , , | Summary: The first year results of DESI (DR1) provide evidence that dark energy may not be quantum vacuum energy ($Lambda$). If true, this would be an extraordinary development in the 25-year quest to understand cosmic acceleration. The […]
Kavli Affiliate: Michael McDonald | First 5 Authors: Michael Reefe, Michael McDonald, Marios Chatzikos, Jerome Seebeck, Richard Mushotzky | Summary: In the centers of many galaxy clusters, the hot ($sim$10$^7$ K) intracluster medium (ICM) can become dense enough that it should cool on short timescales. However, the low measured star formation rates in massive central […]
Kavli Affiliate: David A. Principe | First 5 Authors: Steven M. Silverberg, Steven M. Silverberg, , , | Summary: HL Tau is one of the most well-studied Class I young stellar objects, including frequent observations at near- and mid-infrared, (sub-) millimeter, and X-ray wavelengths. We present the results of an X-ray variability monitoring campaign with […]
Kavli Affiliate: Joshua A. Frieman | First 5 Authors: , , , , | Summary: Recent results from Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) and baryon acoustic oscillations (BAO), in combination with cosmic microwave background (CMB) measurements, have focused renewed attention on dark energy models with a time-varying equation-of-state parameter, $w(z)$. In this paper, we describe […]
Kavli Affiliate: Irfan Siddiqi | First 5 Authors: Kenneth Rudinger, Kenneth Rudinger, , , | Summary: The calibration of high-quality two-qubit entangling gates is an essential component in engineering large-scale, fault-tolerant quantum computers. However, many standard calibration techniques are based on randomized circuits that are only quadratically sensitive to calibration errors. As a result, these […]
Kavli Affiliate: Dheeraj R. Pasham | First 5 Authors: Eric Burns, Christopher L. Fryer, Ivan Agullo, Jennifer Andrews, Elias Aydi | Summary: Astrophysical observations of the cosmos allow us to probe extreme physics and answer foundational questions on our universe. Modern astronomy is increasingly operating under a holistic approach, probing the same question with multiple […]
Kavli Affiliate: Dheeraj R. Pasham | First 5 Authors: Eric Burns, Christopher L. Fryer, Ivan Agullo, Jennifer Andrews, Elias Aydi | Summary: Astrophysical observations of the cosmos allow us to probe extreme physics and answer foundational questions on our universe. Modern astronomy is increasingly operating under a holistic approach, probing the same question with multiple […]
Kavli Affiliate: Feng Wang | First 5 Authors: Feng Wang, Feng Wang, , , | Summary: Magnetotelluric (MT) forward modeling is fundamental for improving the accuracy and efficiency of MT inversion. Neural operators (NOs) have been effectively used for rapid MT forward modeling, demonstrating their promising performance in solving the MT forward modeling-related partial differential […]
Kavli Affiliate: Max Tegmark | First 5 Authors: David D. Baek, David D. Baek, , , | Summary: In this paper, we introduce harmonic loss as an alternative supervisory signal for training neural networks and large language models (LLMs). Harmonic loss differs from standard cross-entropy loss by (a) replacing the usual SoftMax normalization with a […]
Kavli Affiliate: Michael McDonald | First 5 Authors: , , , , | Summary: We discuss our transient search for directed energy systems in local galaxies, with calculations indicating the ability of modest searches to detect optical Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence (SETI) sources in the closest galaxies. Our analysis follows Lubin (2016) where a messenger […]