Kavli Affiliate: Irfan Siddiqi
| First 5 Authors: Akel Hashim, Long B. Nguyen, Noah Goss, Brian Marinelli, Ravi K. Naik
| Summary:
Rapid progress in quantum technology has transformed quantum computing and
quantum information science from theoretical possibilities into tangible
engineering challenges. Breakthroughs in quantum algorithms, quantum
simulations, and quantum error correction are bringing useful quantum
computation closer to fruition. These remarkable achievements have been
facilitated by advances in quantum characterization, verification, and
validation (QCVV). QCVV methods and protocols enable scientists and engineers
to scrutinize, understand, and enhance the performance of quantum
information-processing devices. In this Tutorial, we review the fundamental
principles underpinning QCVV, and introduce a diverse array of QCVV tools used
by quantum researchers. We define and explain QCVV’s core models and concepts
— quantum states, measurements, and processes — and illustrate how these
building blocks are leveraged to examine a target system or operation. We
survey and introduce protocols ranging from simple qubit characterization to
advanced benchmarking methods. Along the way, we provide illustrated examples
and detailed descriptions of the protocols, highlight the advantages and
disadvantages of each, and discuss their potential scalability to future
large-scale quantum computers. This Tutorial serves as a guidebook for
researchers unfamiliar with the benchmarking and characterization of quantum
computers, and also as a detailed reference for experienced practitioners.
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