Kavli Affiliate: Dimitri Mawet
| Summary:
We present the discovery of a low-mass companion located at $ρ$ $sim$ 0farcs85 ($r_rm proj approx 62~au$) from the early-type 1.2 Gyr-old star HIP 53005 using direct imaging data from the Subaru and Keck Telescopes and astrometry from the Hipparcos-Gaia Catalog of Accelerations. The companion, HIP 53005 C, is a component of a multiple system also including a $approx$ 12farcs4-separation M dwarf companion inducing a negligible proper motion acceleration. HIP~53005 C’s position on color-magnitude diagrams, the fit of its spectral energy distribution to atmosphere models, and its location on an empirical mass-magnitude diagram all suggest that it lies at the M/L transition and near the hydrogen-burning limit ($sim80~M_rm Jup$). However, our orbital fitting combining direct-imaging relative astrometry with proper motion acceleration favors a much higher dynamical mass of $sim185 M_rm Jup$. An additional unseen, more closely-orbiting companion below the detection limit (at $ρlesssim0farcs2$)) may explain this discrepancy. Alternatively, HIP~53005C could be a low-mass binary like Gliese~229Bab, making this system an intriguing laboratory for studying multiple star formation.
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