Kavli Affiliate: Wolfgang Tittel
| Summary:
We characterize spectroscopic and coherence properties of the 1451.37 nm excited-state zero-phonon line (ZPL) between the $^3F_4$ and the $^3H_4$ manifolds of a thulium-doped yttrium aluminum perovskite (Tm$^3+$:YAlO$_3$) crystal at temperatures around 1.5 K. We measure the absorption spectrum between the $^3H_6$ – $^3F_4$ and $^3F_4$ – $^3H_4$ manifolds, the inhomogeneous broadening of the $^3F_4$ – $^3H_4$ (excited-state) ZPL, and the lifetimes of the higher-lying and lower-lying excited states. We also investigate level shifts caused by the quadratic Zeeman interaction as well as spectral hole-burning spectra with varying magnetic fields, providing insights into hyperfine interactions. Using again spectral holes but also optical free induction decays (FIDs), we assess optical coherence times, finding a maximum of $4.75 pm 0.07~μs$ at B=2T and low ion concentration in the $^3F_4$ level. Our results — the first to demonstrate coherence of an excited-state transition in a rare-earth crystal — suggest the possibility of exploiting such transitions for quantum technology.
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