Kavli Affiliate: Masahiro Kawasaki
| First 5 Authors: Shinta Kasuya, Shinta Kasuya, , ,
| Summary:
We numerically study the formation of the gauge-mediation type Q balls in the
logarithmic square potential on three-dimensional lattices. We obtain the broad
charge distribution of the Q ball of this type for the first time. The charge
of the Q ball at the peak of the distribution is smaller than what we estimated
as the average of the largest tens of the Q balls in the logarithmic potential
for the same initial amplitude of the field at the onset of its oscillation. We
also discuss some impacts of the broad distribution on cosmology and
astrophysics. In the B ball (Q being the baryon number) case, the broad
distribution would lead to the coexistence of both stable and unstable B balls.
We find that stable B balls can account for the dark matter of the universe
without affecting successful big bang nucleosynthesis by the decay of the
unstable B balls, but the baryon number of the universe cannot be explained by
them. On the other hand, the large L balls (Q being the lepton number) would be
the dark matter as well while avoiding the constraints on the X and/or gamma
rays from the decay of the smaller L balls.
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