Kavli Affiliate: Seth Blackshaw | Authors: Kurt Weir, Pin Lyu, Sangeetha Kandoi, Roujin An, Nicole Pannullo, Isabella Palazzo, Jared Tangeman, Jun Shi, Steven DeVries, Dana Merriman, Jiang Qian and Seth Blackshaw | Summary: Evolutionary adaptation to diurnal vision in ground squirrels has led to the development of a cone-dominant retina, in stark contrast to the […]
Kavli Affiliate: Ting Xu | First 5 Authors: Yuting Wu, Yuting Wu, , , | Summary: A development effort to improve the performance of superconducting radio-frequency half-wave resonators (SRF HWRs) is underway at the Facility for Rare Isotope Beams (FRIB), where 220 such resonators are in operation. Our goal was to achieve an intrinsic quality […]
Kavli Affiliate: Felix Fischer | Summary:We study the selection of agents based on mutual nominations, a theoretical problem with many applications from committee selection to AI alignment. As agents both select and are selected, they may be incentivized to misrepresent their true opinion about the eligibility of others to influence their own chances of selection. […]
Kavli Affiliate: Mark Vogelsberger | Summary:We use the THESAN radiation-hydrodynamics simulations to investigate how Lyman-$α$ emitters (LAEs) trace ionized bubble sizes during the Epoch of Reionization. We generate realistic LAE catalogs by combining accurate intrinsic Ly$α$ production and intergalactic transmission with an empirical model for dust absorption and gas outflows. By calibrating to observationally-constrained Ly$α$ […]
Kavli Affiliate: Hitoshi Murayama | Summary:The absence of a neutron electric dipole moment (EDM) constrains the quantum chromodynamics (QCD) theta angle to be less than one part in ten billion, posing the Strong $CP$ problem. We revisit two classes of proposed solutions. First, we show that when $P$ or $CP$ is realized as a gauged […]
Kavli Affiliate: Alireza Marandi | Summary:Supercontinuum light sources are widely used for applications ranging from imaging to sensing and frequency comb stabilization. The most common mechanisms for their generation rely on cubic nonlinearities, for instance in crystals, optical fibers, and integrated photonics. However, quadratic supercontinuum generation (QSCG) offers potential for enhanced energy efficiency and broader […]
Kavli Affiliate: John Serences | Authors: Holly Kular and John Serences | Summary: Visual working memory (WM) enables the maintenance of information that is no longer present in the environment. Some accounts propose that WM is supported by abstract representations so that new sensory inputs do not interfere with existing memories. Others posit that early […]
Kavli Affiliate: Luis C. Ho | First 5 Authors: Sijia Li, Sijia Li, , , | Summary: The interstellar medium (ISM) in high-redshift galaxies exhibits significantly higher electron densities ($n_rm e$) than in the local universe. To investigate the origin of this trend, we analyze a sample of 9590 centrally star-forming galaxies with stellar masses […]
Kavli Affiliate: Jing Wang | First 5 Authors: Shihao Li, Shihao Li, , , | Summary: Although Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have demonstrated proficiency in video captioning, practical applications require captions that follow specific user instructions rather than generating exhaustive, unconstrained descriptions. Current benchmarks, however, primarily assess descriptive comprehensiveness while largely overlooking instruction-following capabilities. […]
Kavli Affiliate: Christopher Burke| First 5 Authors: Michael H. Stewart, Michael H. Stewart, , , | Summary:Semiconductor nanoplatelets possess exceptional optical properties that make them promising candidates for next-generation optoelectronic applications. However, unlike quantum dots where absorption spectroscopy alone can determine both size and concentration, nanoplatelets present a significant characterization challenge: the absorption peak position […]