Kavli Affiliate: Seth Blackshaw | Authors: Leah J Elias, Harrison Khoo, Francois Kroll, Caroline Zhang, Soojung C Hur, Jason Rihel and Seth Blackshaw | Summary: While sleep deprivation broadly disrupts health and well-being, the neural and molecular mechanisms that signal increased sleep pressure remain poorly understood. A key obstacle to progress is the fact that […]
Kavli Affiliate: Li Xin Li| First 5 Authors: [#item_custom_name[1, [#item_custom_name[2, [#item_custom_name[3, [#item_custom_name[4, [#item_custom_name[5| Summary:Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in knowledge acquisition, reasoning, and tool use, making them promising candidates for autonomous agent applications. However, training LLM agents for complex multi-turn task planning faces significant challenges, including sparse episode-wise rewards, credit assignment across […]
Kavli Affiliate: Edvard Moser and May-Britt Moser | Authors: Christine M Lykken, Benjamin R Kanter, Anne Nagelhus, Jordan Carpenter, Matteo Guardamagna, Edvard I Moser and May-Britt Moser | Summary: A systems-level understanding of cortical computation requires insight into how neural codes are transformed across distinct brain circuits. In the mammalian cortex, one of the few […]
Kavli Affiliate: Alex Pollen | Authors: Jingwen W Ding, Chang N Kim, Megan S Ostrowski, Yashodara Abeykoon, Bryan J Pavlovic, Jenelle L Wallace, Tomasz J Nowakowski and Alex A Pollen | Summary: Human cortical neurogenesis involves conserved and specialized developmental processes during a restricted window of prenatal development. Radial glia (RG) neural stem cells shape […]
Kavli Affiliate: Luis C. Ho | First 5 Authors: John D. Silverman, John D. Silverman, , , | Summary: Contamination-free assessments of the interstellar medium and star formation in quasar host galaxies, particularly based on the far-infrared, offer insights into the role of supermassive black holes in galaxy evolution. Motivated by predictions of quasar heating […]
Kavli Affiliate: Risa H. Wechsler | First 5 Authors: Chun-Hao To, Chun-Hao To, , , | Summary: We present the first detection of weak gravitational lensing around spectroscopically confirmed dwarf galaxies, using the large overlap between DESI DR1 spectroscopic data and DECADE/DES weak lensing catalogs. A clean dwarf galaxy sample with well-defined redshift and stellar […]
Kavli Affiliate: Kohei Inayoshi | Summary:Recent photometric surveys with JWST have revealed a significant population of mysterious objects with red colours, compact morphologies, frequent signs of active galactic nucleus (AGN) activity, and negligible X-ray emission. These ‘Little Red Dots’ (LRDs) have been explored through spectral and photometric studies, but their nature is still under debate. […]
Kavli Affiliate: Lile Wang |Summary:Accretion disks are ubiquitous in astrophysics, appearing in diverse environments from planet-forming systems to X-ray binaries and active galactic nuclei. Traditionally, modeling their dynamics requires computationally intensive (magneto)hydrodynamic simulations. Recently, Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) have emerged as a promising alternative. This approach trains neural networks directly on physical laws without requiring […]
Kavli Affiliate: Risa H. Wechsler | First 5 Authors: Erin Kado-Fong, Erin Kado-Fong, , , | Summary: Recent efforts have extended our view of the number and properties of satellite galaxies beyond the Local Group firmly down to $rm M_starsim 10^6 M_odot$. A similarly complete view of the field dwarf population has lagged behind. Using […]
Kavli Affiliate: Risa H. Wechsler | First 5 Authors: Erin Kado-Fong, Erin Kado-Fong, , , | Summary: Recent efforts have extended our view of the number and properties of satellite galaxies beyond the Local Group firmly down to $rm M_starsim 10^6 M_odot$. A similarly complete view of the field dwarf population has lagged behind. Using […]