Kavli Affiliate: Hana El-Samad | Authors: Achal Mahajan, Francesca Ratti, Ban Wang, Hana El-Samad, James H. Kaufman and Vishrawas Gopalakrishnan | Summary: Regulation of gene expression is fundamental for proper cellular function, and is constrained by the local chromatin environment of each gene, which varies spatially along the chromosome and is shaped by epigenetic modifications. […]
Kavli Affiliate: Zhiting Tian | First 5 Authors: Hanlin Zhu, Hanlin Zhu, , , | Summary: Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance in many applications, including challenging reasoning problems via chain-of-thoughts (CoTs) techniques that generate “thinking tokens” before answering the questions. While existing theoretical works demonstrate that CoTs with discrete tokens boost the […]
Kavli Affiliate: Andrey Kravtsov | Summary:Recent JWST observations have revealed a growing population of galaxies at $z>4$ with elevated nitrogen-to-oxygen ratios. These "N/O-enhanced" galaxies (NOEGs) exhibit near- to super-solar N/O at sub-solar O/H, clearly deviating from the well-established scaling relation between N/O and O/H observed in local galaxies. The origin of this abundance anomaly is […]
Kavli Affiliate: Feng Wang | First 5 Authors: Zhengyang Lu, Qian Xia, Weifan Wang, Feng Wang, | Summary: This work introduces CLIP-aware Domain-Adaptive Super-Resolution (CDASR), a novel framework that addresses the critical challenge of domain generalization in single image super-resolution. By leveraging the semantic capabilities of CLIP (Contrastive Language-Image Pre-training), CDASR achieves unprecedented performance across […]
Kavli Affiliate: Jing Wang | First 5 Authors: Jing Wang, Jing Wang, , , | Summary: Let $G$ be a finite abelian group of order $n$, and for each $ain G$ and integer $1le hle n$ let $mathcalF_a(h)$ denote the family of all $h$-element subsets of $G$ whose sum is $a$. A problem posed by […]
Kavli Affiliate: Feng Wang | First 5 Authors: Ya-Jing Ma, Feng Wang, Xian-Yuan Wu, Kai-Yuan Cai, | Summary: Given probability distributions ${bf p}=(p_1,p_2,ldots,p_m)$ and ${bf q}=(q_1,q_2,ldots, q_n)$ with $m,ngeq 2$, denote by ${cal C}(bf p,q)$ the set of all couplings of $bf p,q$, a convex subset of $R^{mn}$. Denote by ${cal C}_e({bf p},{bf q})$ the […]