April 9, 2025 – Kavli Institute Pre-Print Publications

A Comprehensive Study of Thermonuclear X-ray Bursts from 4U 1820-30 with NICER: Accretion Disk Interactions and a Candidate Burst Oscillation

Posted by klaurent April 9, 2025MIT

Kavli Affiliate: Deepto Chakrabarty | Summary:We present the results obtained from timing and spectral studies of 15 thermonuclear X-ray bursts from 4U 1820-30 observed with the Neutron Star Interior Composition Explorer (NICER) during its five years of observations between 2017-2022. All bursts showed clear signs of photospheric radius expansion, where the neutron star (NS) photosphere […]

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The dynamical role of optical phonons and sub-lattice screening in a solid-state ion conductor

Posted by klaurent April 9, 2025Caltech

Kavli Affiliate: Kimberly See | Summary:Solid-state electrolytes (SSEs) require ionic conductivities that are competitive with liquid electrolytes to realize applications in all-solid state batteries. Although numerous materials have been discovered, the underlying mechanisms enabling superionic conduction remain elusive. In particular, the role of ultrafast lattice dynamics in mediating ion migration, which involves couplings between ions, […]

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Rapid inference and comparison of gravitational-wave population models with neural variational posteriors

Posted by klaurent April 9, 2025MIT

Kavli Affiliate: Salvatore Vitale | Summary:The LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA catalog has been analyzed with an abundance of different population models due to theoretical uncertainty in the formation of gravitational-wave sources. To expedite model exploration, we introduce an efficient and accurate variational Bayesian approach that learns the population posterior with a normalizing flow and serves as a drop-in […]

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Monkey See, Model Knew: Large Language Models Accurately Predict Visual Brain Responses in Humans AND Non-Human Primates

Posted by dbos April 9, 2025April 21, 2025Harvard

Kavli Affiliate: George A. Alvarez | Authors: Colin Conwell, Emalie McMahon, Akshay Jagadeesh, Kasper Vinken, Saloni Sharma, Jacob S. Prince, George Alvarez, Talia Konkle, Margaret Livignstone and Leyla Isik | Summary: Recent progress in multimodal AI and ‘language-aligned’ visual representation learning has rekindled debates about the role of language in shaping the human visual system. […]

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CellCover Defines Marker Gene Panels Capturing Developmental Progression in Neocortical Neural Stem Cell Identity

Posted by dbos April 9, 2025April 21, 2025Hopkins

Kavli Affiliate: Laurent Younes and Donald Geman | Authors: Lanlan Ji, An Wang, Shreyash Sonthalia, Seungmae Seo, Daniel Q Naiman, Laurent Younes, Carlo Colantuoni and Donald Geman | Summary: Definition of cell classes across the tissues of living organisms is central in the analysis of growing atlases of single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data across biomedicine. […]

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A multi-institutional investigation of psilocybin’s effects on mouse behavior

Posted by dbos April 9, 2025April 21, 2025UCSF

Kavli Affiliate: Vikaas Sohal and Mazen Kheirbek | Authors: Odilia D Lu, Katrina White, Kendall Raymond, Christine Liu, Alexandra S Klein, Nathaniel Green, Sam Vaillancourt, Austin Gallagher, Lena Shindy, Alyssa Li, Ruoxian Li, Mila Zou, Kira Wallquist, Austen B Casey, Lindsay P Cameron, Matthew B Pomrenze, Vikaas Sohal, Mazen A Kheirbek, Andrea M Gomez, Stephan […]

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COSMOS-Web: Unraveling the Evolution of Galaxy Size and Related Properties at $2<z<10$

Posted by dbos April 9, 2025April 21, 2025Tokyo

Kavli Affiliate: John D. Silverman | First 5 Authors: Lilan Yang, Jeyhan S. Kartaltepe, Maximilien Franco, Xuheng Ding, Mark J. Achenbach | Summary: We measure galaxy sizes from $2 < z < 10$ using COSMOS-Web, the largest-area JWST imaging survey to date, covering $sim$0.54 deg$^2$. We analyze the rest-frame optical (~5000A) size evolution and its […]

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Discovery of extreme Quasi-Periodic Eruptions in a newly accreting massive black hole

Posted by dbos April 9, 2025April 21, 2025MIT

Kavli Affiliate: Erin Kara | First 5 Authors: Lorena Hernández-García, Joheen Chakraborty, Paula Sánchez-Sáez, Claudio Ricci, Jorge Cuadra | Summary: Quasi-periodic eruptions (QPEs) are rapid, recurring X-ray bursts from supermassive black holes, believed to result from interactions between accretion disks and surrounding matter. The galaxy SDSS1335+0728, previously stable for two decades, exhibited an increase in […]

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Discovery of extreme Quasi-Periodic Eruptions in a newly accreting massive black hole

Posted by dbos April 9, 2025April 21, 2025Peking

Kavli Affiliate: Claudio Ricci | First 5 Authors: Lorena Hernández-García, Joheen Chakraborty, Paula Sánchez-Sáez, Claudio Ricci, Jorge Cuadra | Summary: Quasi-periodic eruptions (QPEs) are rapid, recurring X-ray bursts from supermassive black holes, believed to result from interactions between accretion disks and surrounding matter. The galaxy SDSS1335+0728, previously stable for two decades, exhibited an increase in […]

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Broadband Optical Modulation and Control at Millikelvin Temperatures

Posted by klaurent April 9, 2025Stanford

Kavli Affiliate: Noah Kurinsky | Summary:A universal experimental challenge when studying radiation effects on cryogenic devices is to precisely and accurately characterize the position-dependent device response very near the energy detection threshold. We have developed a compact cryogenic optical beam steering system that can be used to generate O(μs) pulses of small numbers of photons […]

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