Kavli Affiliate: Yi Zhou
| First 5 Authors: Jin-Tao Jin, Yi Zhou, , ,
| Summary:
We develop a comprehensive Ginzburg-Landau theory describing triple-Q
magnetic orders on hexagonal lattices, focusing on $O(N)$ models with $N=2$ and
$N=3$. Through systematic analysis of symmetry-allowed terms in the free
energy, we establish complete phase diagrams governed by competing interaction
parameters. Our theory reveals distinct magnetic configurations including
single-Q, double-Q, and triple-Q states, each characterized by unique symmetry
breaking patterns and collective excitations. The framework provides
fundamental insights into complex magnetic orders recently observed in
materials such as $alpha$-RuCl$_3$ and Na$_2$Co$_2$TeO$_6$, where the
interplay between geometric frustration and multiple ordering vectors leads to
exotic magnetic states. Our results establish clear connections between
microscopic interactions, broken symmetries, and experimentally observable
properties, offering a powerful tool for understanding and predicting novel
magnetic phases in frustrated magnets.
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