Kavli Affiliate: Marcela Carena
| First 5 Authors: Marcela Carena, Marcela Carena, , ,
| Summary:
Motivated by the out-of-equilibrium dynamics during an early-universe
first-order phase transition, we perform real-time simulations of
fermion-bubble scattering in $1+1$ dimensions. This nonequilibrium process can
generate a charge-conjugation $mathsfC$ asymmetry outside the bubble wall,
induced by the complex fermion mass profile. The resulting $mathsfC$
asymmetry is the 1+1-dimensional analog of the $mathsfCP$ asymmetry in 3+1
dimensions, a key ingredient in baryon asymmetry generation at the electroweak
scale. Using tensor network methods, we track the real-time evolution of the
$mathsfC$ asymmetry in the charge density as the fermion interacts with the
bubble wall, a regime inaccessible to analytic calculations. We further
introduce two observables to quantify the asymmetry in the asymptotic region
where reflected particles are well separated from the scattering point: one
based on the net charge outside the bubble wall, and the other on the spatial
displacement between the reflected particle and antiparticle wavepackets. Our
study represents a first step toward nonperturbative, real-time computations of
$mathsfCP$ asymmetry in 3+1 dimensions for electroweak baryogenesis.
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