Neutrino Diffusion within Dark Matter Spikes

Kavli Affiliate: Shunsaku Horiuchi

| First 5 Authors: Motoko Fujiwara, Gonzalo Herrera, Shunsaku Horiuchi, ,

| Summary:

Multi-messenger observations of astrophysical transients provide powerful
probes of the underlying physics of the source as well as beyond the Standard
Model effects. We explore transients that can occur in the vicinity of
supermassive black holes at the center of galaxies, including tidal disruption
events (TDEs), certain types of blazars, or even supernovae. In such
environments, the dark matter (DM) density can be extremely high, resembling a
dense spike or core. We study a novel effect of neutrino diffusion sustained
via frequent scatterings off DM particles in these regions. We show that for
transients occurring within DM spikes or cores, the DM-neutrino scattering can
delay the arrival of neutrinos with respect to photons, but this also comes
with a suppression of the neutrino flux and energy loss. We apply these effects
to the specific example of TDEs, and demonstrate that currently unconstrained
parameter space of DM-neutrino interactions can account for the sizable
$O$(days) delay of the tentative high-energy neutrinos observed from some TDEs.

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