Kavli Affiliate: Renxin Xu
| First 5 Authors: Wen-Li Yuan, Chun Huang, Chen Zhang, Enping Zhou, Renxin Xu
| Summary:
The observations of compact star inspirals from LIGO/Virgo combined with mass
and radius measurements from NICER provide a valuable tool to study the highly
uncertain equation of state (EOS) of dense matter at the densities
characteristic of compact stars. In this work, we constrain the solid states of
strange-cluster matter, called strangeon matter, as the putative basic units of
the ground state of bulk strong matter using a Bayesian statistical method,
incorporating the mass and radius measurements of PSR J0030+0451, PSR
J0740+6620, and the recent data for the $1.4 M_{odot}$ pulsar PSR J0437-4751.
We also include constraints from gravitational wave events GW170817 and
GW190814. Under the prior assumption of a finite number of quarks in a
strangeon, $N_{rm q}$, our analysis reveals that current mass-radius
measurements favor a larger $N_{rm q}$. Specifically, the results support the
scenario where a strangeon forms a stable bound state with $N_{rm q}=18$,
symmetric in color, flavor, and spin spaces, compared to the minimum $N_{rm
q}$ prior. The comparative analyses of the posterior EOS parameter spaces
derived from three-parameter model and two-parameter model demonstrate a
consistent prediction under identical observational constraints. In particular,
our results indicate that the most probable values of the maximum mass are
found to be $3.58^{+0.16}_{-0.12} M_{odot}$ ($3.65^{+0.18}_{-0.16}
M_{odot}$) at $90%$ confidence level for three-parameter (two-parameter) EOS
considering the constraints of GW190814. The corresponding radii for $1.4
M_{odot}$ and $2.1 M_{odot}$ stars are $12.04^{+0.27}_{-0.31}~rm km$
($12.16^{+0.26}_{-0.31}~rm km$) and $13.43^{+0.31}_{-0.32}~rm km$
($13.60^{+0.29}_{-0.34}~rm km$), respectively. This result may impact
interestingly on the research of multiquark states, which could improve our
understanding of the nonperturbative strong force.
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