Kavli Affiliate: Kejia Lee
| First 5 Authors: Yan Huang, Xiang-Ping Wu, Quan Guo, Qian Zheng, Biying Li
| Summary:
We present a conceptual design study of external calibrators in the 21 cm
experiment towards detecting the globally averaged radiation of the epoch of
reionization (EoR). Employment of external calibrator instead of internal
calibrator commonly used in current EoR experiments allows to remove
instrumental effects such as beam pattern, receiver gain and instability of the
system if the conventional three-position switch measurements are implemented
in a short time interval. Furthermore, in the new design the antenna system is
placed in an underground anechoic chamber with an open/closing ceiling to
maximally reduce the environmental effect such as RFI and ground
radiation/reflection. It appears that three of the four external calibrators
proposed in this paper, including two indoor artificial transmitters and one
outdoor celestial radiation (the Galactic polarization), fail to meet our
purpose. Diurnal motion of the Galactic diffuse emission turns to be the most
possible source as an external calibrator, for which we have discussed the
observational strategy and the algorithm of extracting the EoR signal.
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