Precision and accuracy of single-molecule FRET measurements – a worldwide benchmark study

Posted by klaurent Oxford

Kavli Affiliate: Achillefs Kapanidis | Summary:Single-molecule Förster resonance energy transfer (smFRET) is increasingly being used to determine distances, structures, and dynamics of biomolecules in vitro and in vivo. However, generalized protocols and FRET standards ensuring both the reproducibility and accuracy of measuring FRET efficiencies are currently lacking. Here we report the results of a worldwide, […]


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Information-theoretic analysis of the directional influence between cellular processes

Posted by klaurent Delft

Kavli Affiliate: Sander Tans | Summary:Inferring the directionality of interactions between cellular processes is a major challenge in systems biology. Time-lagged correlations allow to discriminate between alternative models, but they still rely on assumed underlying interactions. Here, we use the transfer entropy (TE), an information-theoretic quantity that quantifies the directional influence between fluctuating variables in […]


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Charge Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless transition in superconducting NbTiN films

Posted by klaurent Caltech

Kavli Affiliate: Thomas Rosenbaum | Summary:A half-century after the discovery of the superconductor-insulator transition (SIT), one of the fundamental predictions of the theory, the charge Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless (BKT) transition that is expected to occur at the insulating side of the SIT, has remained unobserved. The charge BKT transition is a phenomenon dual to the vortex BKT […]


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The interplay between long- and short-range temporal correlations shapes cortex dynamics across vigilance states

Posted by klaurent Oxford

Kavli Affiliate: Vladyslav Vyazovskiy | Summary:Increasing evidence suggests that cortical dynamics during wake exhibits long-range temporal correlations suitable to integrate inputs over extended periods of time to increase the signal-to-noise ratio in decision-making and working memory tasks. Accordingly, sleep has been suggested as a state characterized by a breakdown of long-range correlations; detailed measurements of […]


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Upper Limits on Gravitational Waves from Scorpius X-1 from a Model-Based Cross-Correlation Search in Advanced LIGO Data

Posted by klaurent Caltech

Kavli Affiliate: Mikhail G. Shapiro| First 5 Authors: The LIGO Scientific Collaboration, The LIGO Scientific Collaboration, , , | Summary:We present the results of a semicoherent search for continuous gravitational waves from the low-mass X-ray binary Scorpius X-1, using data from the first Advanced LIGO observing run. The search method uses details of the modelled, […]


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Atomic-scale Structural and Chemical Characterization of Hexagonal Boron Nitride Layers Synthesized at the Wafer-Scale with Monolayer Thickness Control

Posted by klaurent Caltech

Kavli Affiliate: N. C. Yeh |Summary:Hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) is a promising two-dimensional insulator with a large band gap and low density of charged impurities that is isostructural and isoelectronic with graphene. Here we report the chemical and atomic-scale structure of CVD-grown wafer-scale (~25 cm2) h-BN sheets ranging in thickness from 1-20 monolayers. Atomic-scale images […]


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Leveraging Continuous Material Averaging for Inverse Electromagnetic Design

Posted by klaurent Berkeley

Kavli Affiliate: Eli Yablonovitch | Summary:Inverse electromagnetic design has emerged as a way of efficiently designing active and passive electromagnetic devices. This maturing strategy involves optimizing the shape or topology of a device in order to improve a figure of merit–a process which is typically performed using some form of steepest descent algorithm. Naturally, this […]


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Inverse Design of Near Unity Efficiency Perfectly Vertical Grating Couplers

Posted by klaurent Berkeley

Kavli Affiliate: Eli Yablonovitch | Summary:Efficient coupling between integrated optical waveguides and optical fibers is essential to the success of integrated photonics. While many solutions exist, perfectly vertical grating couplers which scatter light out of a waveguide in the direction normal to the waveguide’s top surface are an ideal candidate due to their potential to […]


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Interval Functions and their Integrals, by Ralph Henstock, Ph.D. thesis, 1948

Posted by klaurent Cornell

Kavli Affiliate: Daniel Ralph | First 5 Authors: Ralph Henstock, Ralph Henstock, , , | Summary: Ralph Henstock (1923 – 2007) worked in non-absolute integration, including the Riemann-complete or gauge integral which, independently, Jaroslav Kurzweil also discovered in the 1950’s. As a Cambridge undergraduate Henstock took a course of lectures, by J.C. Burkill, on the […]


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