Spatial-sign-based multilinear principal component analysis for tensor data

Posted by klaurent Peking

Kavli Affiliate: Feng Long| Summary: Multilinear principal component analysis (MPCA) reduces the dimension of tensor-valued data while preserving their mode-specific structure, but its quadratic scatter criterion can be unstable under heavy-tailed distributions and contamination. We propose spatial-sign-based multilinear principal component analysis (SMPCA), a robust dimension-reduction method that centers the observations by their spatial median, removes […]


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Can Little Red Dots Contribute To The Early Universe Cosmic Dust Budget?

Posted by klaurent MIT

Kavli Affiliate: Robert Simcoe | Summary:The origin of dust in the early Universe remains uncertain. We explore whether Little Red Dots (LRDs) could provide a high-redshift dust-production channel. Motivated by an analogy with Type IIn supernovae, we investigate whether LRDs may share the efficient dust-forming conditions. We consider dust formation in outer winds and later […]


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Little Red Dots as Shock-Powered High-Energy Neutrino Sources

Posted by klaurent Tokyo

Kavli Affiliate: Shunsaku Horiuchi | Summary:Little Red Dots (LRDs) are compact, high-redshift sources whose physical nature remains uncertain. Their optical spectra bear many similarities to Type IIn supernovae (SNe IIn), motivating a scenario in which their emission is powered by shocks interacting with dense surrounding material. We investigate whether such interactions can power LRDs and […]


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X-ray grating spectroscopy as a mission enhancement

Posted by klaurent MIT

Kavli Affiliate: Catherine Grant | Summary:We propose to add instruments to any potential future X-ray mission with focussing optics that is considered in NASA’s ASTRA framework. Such an instrument is a necessity to study AGN wind outflows and feedback, find the missing baryons, study the intergalactic medium, and analyze abundances and chemical bonds in dust […]


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Lynx2030 Science Analysis Group: Final Report

Posted by klaurent MIT

Kavli Affiliate: Ralf Heilmann | Summary:The Lynx2030 Science Analysis Group (SAG) was convened to reassess the scientific goals and technical drivers of the Lynx mission concept amid a rapidly evolving astrophysics landscape. Building on the original Lynx Concept Study, the SAG examined how recent discoveries, emerging facilities, and advances in instrumentation influence the scientific opportunities […]


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Impacts of Correlated Noise on Retrievals of Exo-Earth Atmospheres

Posted by klaurent Stanford

Kavli Affiliate: Bruce Macintosh | Summary:The Habitable Worlds Observatory (HWO) aims to accomplish high-contrast imaging and spectroscopy of true Earth analogs for the first time. However, high-contrast spectroscopy with HWO may be limited by residual speckles which persist after deformable mirror correction and post-processing, hindering atmospheric characterization. Previous studies of self-luminous giant planets showed that […]


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Galactic Science with Ultra-High Angular Resolution X-ray Imaging

Posted by klaurent MIT

Kavli Affiliate: Herman Marshall | Summary:Milli- to micro-arcsecond X-ray imaging will open a new observational regime for Galactic astrophysics by resolving physical scales that are inaccessible to current X-ray observatories. This white paper highlights the science enabled by such capabilities across four broad questions: how particles are accelerated, how stars die, how accretion is fueled, […]


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AXIS Could Have Accessed Dark Matter Decays

Posted by klaurent Chicago

Kavli Affiliate: Gordan Krnjaic | Summary:The Advanced X-ray Imaging Satellite (AXIS) was a mission concept designed to improve upon the sensitivity and spatial resolution of the Chandra X-ray Observatory and XMM-Newton. Although AXIS was not selected for implementation, the concept study defined a mature instrument design with low-background, arcsecond imaging over the $0.3$-$10$ keV energy […]


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Exploring the sensitivity of in-ice radio detectors to cosmic ray mass composition

Posted by klaurent Chicago

Kavli Affiliate: Abigail Vieregg | Summary:In-ice radio detectors have been developed primarily for the detection of high-energy neutrinos via the Askaryan effect, but have recently been shown to also be sensitive to cosmic ray air showers impacting the ice sheet. Using CORSIKA 8 to simulate impacting air showers, we find that the lateral width of […]


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Exploring the sensitivity of in-ice radio detectors to cosmic ray mass composition

Posted by klaurent Chicago

Kavli Affiliate: Abigail Vieregg | Summary:In-ice radio detectors have been developed primarily for the detection of high-energy neutrinos via the Askaryan effect, but have recently been shown to also be sensitive to cosmic ray air showers impacting the ice sheet. Using CORSIKA 8 to simulate impacting air showers, we find that the lateral width of […]


Continue.. Exploring the sensitivity of in-ice radio detectors to cosmic ray mass composition