Kavli Affiliate: George Efstathiou | First 5 Authors: Hyunbae Park, Hyunbae Park, , , | Summary: It is thought that the Universe went through an early period known as the Dark Ages, during which primeval density fluctuations grew to form the first luminous objects, marking the beginning of Cosmic Dawn around 100 million years after […]
Kavli Affiliate: Lile Wang | First 5 Authors: Sheng Xu, Sheng Xu, , , | Summary: The inner regions of protoplanetary disks are host to the sublimation of dust grains, a process traditionally modeled using equilibrium thermodynamics. We demonstrate through ab-initio density functional theory (DFT) and kinetic Monte Carlo (KMC) simulations that silicate dust sublimation […]
Kavli Affiliate: Wendy L. Freedman | First 5 Authors: Mahdi Abdollahi, Mahdi Abdollahi, , , | Summary: The Period-Luminosity (PL) relation is usually derived using time-averaged magnitudes, which require multiple-epoch observations to determine periods and adequately sample the light curves. Although single-epoch observations are more practical and require significantly less observational effort, they inherently introduce […]
Kavli Affiliate: Sara Seager | First 5 Authors: Sukrit Ranjan, Sukrit Ranjan, , , | Summary: The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) has begun to spectrally characterize small exoplanets orbiting M-dwarf stars, but interpretation of these spectra is ambiguous, with stellar, instrumental, or atmospheric origins possible for apparent spectral features. Consequently, interpretation of JWST small […]
Kavli Affiliate: Bruce Macintosh | First 5 Authors: Kyle Van Gorkom, Kyle Van Gorkom, , , | Summary: NASA’s Habitable Worlds Observatory (HWO) aims to achieve starlight suppression to the $10^-10$ level for the detection and spectral characterization of Earth-like exoplanets. Broadband ozone absorption features are key biosignatures that appear in the 200-400nm near-ultraviolet (UV) […]
Kavli Affiliate: Roberto Maiolino | First 5 Authors: Paul H. Goubert, Paul H. Goubert, , , | Summary: We present an investigation into the quenching of simulated galaxies across cosmic time, honing in on the role played by both intrinsic and environmental mechanisms at different epochs. In anticipation of VLT-MOONRISE, the first wide-field spectroscopic galaxy […]
Kavli Affiliate: Ke Wang | First 5 Authors: Jiawei Wang, Jiawei Wang, , , | Summary: In long-horizon tasks, recent agents based on Large Language Models (LLMs) face a significant challenge that sparse, outcome-based rewards make it difficult to assign credit to intermediate steps. Previous methods mainly focus on creating dense reward signals to guide […]
Kavli Affiliate: Carlos E. M. Wagner | First 5 Authors: Pedro Bittar, Pedro Bittar, , , | Summary: The CMS Collaboration at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) has observed two four-jet events with a total invariant mass of about 8 TeV; within each event, the jets can be paired into two dijets with invariant masses […]
Kavli Affiliate: Chao-Lin Kuo | First 5 Authors: Y. Wan, Y. Wan, , , | Summary: Blind discoveries of millimeter-wave (mm-wave) transient events in non-targeted surveys, as opposed to follow-up or pointed observations, have only become possible in the past decade using cosmic microwave background surveys. Here we present the first results from the SPT-3G […]
Kavli Affiliate: Chao-Lin Kuo | First 5 Authors: Y. Wan, Y. Wan, , , | Summary: Blind discoveries of millimeter-wave (mm-wave) transient events in non-targeted surveys, as opposed to follow-up or pointed observations, have only become possible in the past decade using cosmic microwave background surveys. Here we present the first results from the SPT-3G […]