X-ray spectral performance of the Sony IMX290 CMOS sensor near Fano limit after a per-pixel gain calibration

Posted by dbos MIT

Kavli Affiliate: Eric D. Miller | First 5 Authors: Benjamin Schneider, Gregory Prigozhin, Richard F. Foster, Marshall W. Bautz, Hope Fu | Summary: The advent of back-illuminated complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) sensors and their well-known advantages over charge-coupled devices (CCDs) make them an attractive technology for future X-ray missions. However, numerous challenges remain, including improving their […]


Continue.. X-ray spectral performance of the Sony IMX290 CMOS sensor near Fano limit after a per-pixel gain calibration

Hitting the mark: Optimising Marked Power Spectra for Cosmology

Posted by dbos Tokyo

Kavli Affiliate: Jia Liu | First 5 Authors: Jessica A. Cowell, David Alonso, Jia Liu, , | Summary: Marked power spectra provide a computationally efficient way to extract non-Gaussian information from the matter density field using the usual analysis tools developed for the power spectrum without the need for explicit calculation of higher-order correlators. In […]


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Two Channels of Metal-Rich Compact Stellar System Formation: Starbursts Under High Ram Pressure vs. Tidal Stripping

Posted by dbos Peking

Kavli Affiliate: Luis C. Ho | First 5 Authors: Yuan Bian, Min Du, Victor P. Debattista, Dylan Nelson, Mark A. Norris | Summary: Most galaxies follow well-defined scaling relations of metallicity and stellar mass; however, some outliers at the low mass end of the observed galaxy population exhibit unusually high metallicity for their mass. Understanding […]


Continue.. Two Channels of Metal-Rich Compact Stellar System Formation: Starbursts Under High Ram Pressure vs. Tidal Stripping

A novel standard candle: collapsing axion stars

Posted by dbos Peking

Kavli Affiliate: Lijing Shao | First 5 Authors: Haoran Di, Lijing Shao, Zhu Yi, Shi-Bei Kong, | Summary: The Hubble constant, $H_0$, is a crucial parameter in cosmology. However, various cosmic observations have produced differing posterior values for $H_0$, resulting in what is referred to as the $H_0$ tension. To resolve this discrepancy, utilizing other […]


Continue.. A novel standard candle: collapsing axion stars

Novel standard candle: Collapsing axion stars

Posted by dbos Peking

Kavli Affiliate: Lijing Shao | First 5 Authors: Haoran Di, Lijing Shao, Zhu Yi, Shi-Bei Kong, | Summary: The Hubble constant, $H_0$, is a crucial parameter in cosmology. However, various cosmic observations have produced differing posterior values for $H_0$, resulting in what is referred to as the $H_0$ tension. To resolve this discrepancy, utilizing other […]


Continue.. Novel standard candle: Collapsing axion stars

PIP: Detecting Adversarial Examples in Large Vision-Language Models via Attention Patterns of Irrelevant Probe Questions

Posted by dbos Peking

Kavli Affiliate: Jiansheng Chen | First 5 Authors: Yudong Zhang, Ruobing Xie, Jiansheng Chen, Xingwu Sun, Yu Wang | Summary: Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) have demonstrated their powerful multimodal capabilities. However, they also face serious safety problems, as adversaries can induce robustness issues in LVLMs through the use of well-designed adversarial examples. Therefore, LVLMs are […]


Continue.. PIP: Detecting Adversarial Examples in Large Vision-Language Models via Attention Patterns of Irrelevant Probe Questions

Neutron stars in the bumblebee theory of gravity

Posted by dbos Peking

Kavli Affiliate: Lijing Shao | First 5 Authors: Peixiang Ji, Zhuhai Li, Lirui Yang, Rui Xu, Zexin Hu | Summary: Recently, theoretical studies on the bumblebee gravity model, a nonminimally-coupled vector-tensor theory that violates the Lorentz symmetry, have flourished, with a simultaneous increase in the utilization of observations to impose constraints. The static spherical solutions […]


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First direct carbon abundance measured at $z>10$ in the lensed galaxy MACS0647$-$JD

Posted by dbos Cambridge

Kavli Affiliate: Roberto Maiolino | First 5 Authors: Tiger Yu-Yang Hsiao, Michael W. Topping, Dan Coe, John Chisholm, Danielle A. Berg | Summary: Investigating the metal enrichment in the early universe helps us constrain theories about the first stars and study the ages of galaxies. The lensed galaxy MACS0647$-$JD at $z=10.17$ is the brightest galaxy […]


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Reconstruction methods for the phase-shifted Zernike wavefront sensor

Posted by dbos Stanford

Kavli Affiliate: Bruce Macintosh | First 5 Authors: Vincent Chambouleyron, Mahawa Cissé, Maïssa Salama, Sebastiaan Haffert, Vincent Déo | Summary: The Zernike wavefront sensor (ZWFS) stands out as one of the most sensitive optical systems for measuring the phase of an incoming wavefront, reaching photon efficiencies close to the fundamental limit. This quality, combined with […]


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Qihoo-T2X: An Efficiency-Focused Diffusion Transformer via Proxy Tokens for Text-to-Any-Task

Posted by dbos Peking

Kavli Affiliate: Jing Wang | First 5 Authors: Jing Wang, Ao Ma, Jiasong Feng, Dawei Leng, Yuhui Yin | Summary: The global self-attention mechanism in diffusion transformers involves redundant computation due to the sparse and redundant nature of visual information, and the attention map of tokens within a spatial window shows significant similarity. To address […]


Continue.. Qihoo-T2X: An Efficiency-Focused Diffusion Transformer via Proxy Tokens for Text-to-Any-Task