Disentangling Metallicity Effects in Hot Jupiter Occurrence Across Galactic Birth Radius and Phase-Space Density

Kavli Affiliate: Andrew Vanderburg | First 5 Authors: Rayna Rampalli, Melissa K. Ness, Elisabeth R. Newton, Andrew Vanderburg, Tobias Buck | Summary: We explore how the correlation between host star metallicity and giant planets shapes hot Jupiter occurrence as a function of Galactic birth radius (rbirth) and phase-space density in the Milky Way disk. Using […]


Continue.. Disentangling Metallicity Effects in Hot Jupiter Occurrence Across Galactic Birth Radius and Phase-Space Density

A Bimodal Metallicity Distribution Function in the Ultra-Faint Dwarf Galaxy Reticulum II

Kavli Affiliate: Anna Frebel | First 5 Authors: Alice M. Luna, Alexander P. Ji, Anirudh Chiti, Joshua D. Simon, Daniel D. Kelson | Summary: Star formation in ultra-faint dwarf galaxies (UFDs, $M_* <10^5M_odot$) is suppressed by reionization, but may not be completely quenched. The metallicity distribution function (MDF) of stars in ultra-faint dwarf galaxies could […]


Continue.. A Bimodal Metallicity Distribution Function in the Ultra-Faint Dwarf Galaxy Reticulum II

Dense SAE Latents Are Features, Not Bugs

Kavli Affiliate: Max Tegmark | First 5 Authors: Xiaoqing Sun, Alessandro Stolfo, Joshua Engels, Ben Wu, Senthooran Rajamanoharan | Summary: Sparse autoencoders (SAEs) are designed to extract interpretable features from language models by enforcing a sparsity constraint. Ideally, training an SAE would yield latents that are both sparse and semantically meaningful. However, many SAE latents […]


Continue.. Dense SAE Latents Are Features, Not Bugs

Hubble’s Multi-Year Search for Exospheres in the TRAPPIST-1 System Reveals Frequent Microflares

Kavli Affiliate: Sara Seager | First 5 Authors: David Berardo, Julien de Wit, Michael Gillon, Ward S. Howard, Vincent Bourrier | Summary: Ly-$alpha$ observations provide a powerful probe of stellar activity and atmospheric escape in exoplanetary systems. We present here an analysis of 104 HST/STIS orbits monitoring the TRAPPIST-1 system between 2017 and 2022, covering […]


Continue.. Hubble’s Multi-Year Search for Exospheres in the TRAPPIST-1 System Reveals Frequent Microflares

Spot-Crossing Variations Confirm a Misaligned Orbit for a Planet Transiting an M Dwarf

Kavli Affiliate: Avi Shporer | First 5 Authors: Patrick Tamburo, Samuel W. Yee, Juliana García-Mejía, David Charbonneau, Allyson Bieryla | Summary: TOI-3884~b is an unusual 6.4~R$_oplus$ planet orbiting an M4 host, whose transits display large and persistent spot-crossing events. We used the textit{Tierras} Observatory to monitor both the long-term photometric variability of TOI-3884 and changes […]


Continue.. Spot-Crossing Variations Confirm a Misaligned Orbit for a Planet Transiting an M Dwarf

The Diversity of Exoplanetary Environments and the Search for Signs of Life Beyond Earth

Kavli Affiliate: Sara Seager | First 5 Authors: Sara Seager, Janusz J. Petkowski, William Bains, , | Summary: Thousands of exoplanets orbit nearby stars, showcasing a remarkable diversity in mass, size, and orbits. With the James Webb Space Telescope now operational, we are observing exoplanet atmospheres and aiming to reach down to small, habitable-zone exoplanets […]


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Discovery of an HI 21 cm absorption system at z=2.327 with CHIME

Kavli Affiliate: Kiyoshi W. Masui | First 5 Authors: CHIME Collaboration, Mandana Amiri, Arnab Chakraborty, Simon Foreman, Mark Halpern | Summary: We report the detection of a new HI absorption system associated with the radio source NVSS J164725+375218 at a redshift of z=2.327, identified through a blind survey conducted by the Canadian Hydrogen Intensity Mapping […]


Continue.. Discovery of an HI 21 cm absorption system at z=2.327 with CHIME

Discovery and Localization of the Swift-Observed FRB 20241228A in a Star-forming Host Galaxy

Kavli Affiliate: Kiyoshi W. Masui | First 5 Authors: Alice P. Curtin, Shion Andrew, Sunil Simha, Alice Cai, Kenzie Nimmo | Summary: On 2024 December 28, CHIME/FRB detected the thus-far non-repeating FRB 20241228A with a real-time signal-to-noise ratio of $>50$. Approximately 112~s later, the X-ray Telescope onboard the Neil Gehrels Swift Observatory was on source, […]


Continue.. Discovery and Localization of the Swift-Observed FRB 20241228A in a Star-forming Host Galaxy

High-Sensitivity Fiber Interferometer for Gravitational Phase Shift Measurement on Entangled States

Kavli Affiliate: Nergis Mavalvala | First 5 Authors: Eleonora Polini, Piotr Chruściel, Georgi Dvali, Christopher Hilweg, Begüm Kabagöz | Summary: In this contribution, we describe the status of our experiment aimed at measuring the gravitationally induced phase shift on path-entangled photons. We use a kilometer-scale fiber interferometer whose arms are vertically displaced in the Earth […]


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The Fast and the Frame-Dragging: Efficient waveforms for asymmetric-mass eccentric equatorial inspirals into rapidly-spinning black holes

Kavli Affiliate: Scott A. Hughes | First 5 Authors: Christian E. A. Chapman-Bird, Lorenzo Speri, Zachary Nasipak, Ollie Burke, Michael L. Katz | Summary: Observations of gravitational-wave signals emitted by compact binary inspirals provide unique insights into their properties, but their analysis requires accurate and efficient waveform models. Intermediate- and extreme-mass-ratio inspirals (I/EMRIs), with mass […]


Continue.. The Fast and the Frame-Dragging: Efficient waveforms for asymmetric-mass eccentric equatorial inspirals into rapidly-spinning black holes