Kavli Affiliate: George Efstathiou | Summary:The 21-cm signal from neutral hydrogen serves as a critical tool for unraveling the astrophysical processes that shaped cosmic dawn and the epoch of reionization. We explore the usually overlooked impact of re-scattering of 21-cm photons during and after reionization, similarly to cosmic microwave background photons. This scattering affects the […]

Kavli Affiliate: Roberto Maiolino | Summary:Dwarf galaxies are ideal laboratories to probe the interplay between galaxy formation and the growth of black holes (BHs) in the early Universe. Mounting observational evidence reveals the presence of BHs in low-mass galaxies across cosmic time, with $textitJWST$ uncovering a likely population of $textitovermassive$ BHs at $2 lesssim z […]

Kavli Affiliate: Roberto Maiolino | Summary:Dwarf galaxies are ideal laboratories to probe the interplay between galaxy formation and the growth of black holes (BHs) in the early Universe. Mounting observational evidence reveals the presence of BHs in low-mass galaxies across cosmic time, with $textitJWST$ uncovering a likely population of $textitovermassive$ BHs at $2 lesssim z […]

Kavli Affiliate: Roberto Maiolino | Summary:Recent observations revealed that distant galaxies have bursty star formation histories, regulated by stellar or active galactic nuclei (AGN) feedback and gas inflows. According to theoretical models, feedback preferentially removes metal-rich gas, while subsequent starbursts are triggered by mergers and newly-accreted gas that is generally less enriched than the galaxy […]

Kavli Affiliate: Roberto Maiolino | Summary:Recent observations revealed that distant galaxies have bursty star formation histories, regulated by stellar or active galactic nuclei (AGN) feedback and gas inflows. According to theoretical models, feedback preferentially removes metal-rich gas, while subsequent starbursts are triggered by mergers and newly-accreted gas that is generally less enriched than the galaxy […]

Kavli Affiliate: Roberto Maiolino | Summary:Recent observations revealed that distant galaxies have bursty star formation histories, regulated by stellar or active galactic nuclei (AGN) feedback and gas inflows. According to theoretical models, feedback preferentially removes metal-rich gas, while subsequent starbursts are triggered by mergers and newly accreted gas that is generally less enriched than the […]

Kavli Affiliate: Roberto Maiolino | Summary:We test whether "Little Red Dots" (LRDs) are dust-reddened, high-inclination counterparts of compact, blue broad-line AGNs ("Little Blue Dots", LBDs) powered by super-Eddington accretion. We model the central engine as a geometrically thick, radiation-pressure supported accretion flow whose funnel yields strongly anisotropic, intrinsically blue ionizing continua, coupled to an equatorially […]

Kavli Affiliate: Roberto Maiolino | Summary:We investigate whether Little Red Dots (LRDs) are the dust-reddened, high-inclination counterparts of compact, blue broad-line AGNs (Little Blue Dots, LBDs) powered by super-Eddington accretion. We model the central engine as a geometrically thick, radiation-pressure supported accretion flow whose funnel produces strongly anisotropic, intrinsically blue ionizing continua, coupled to an […]

Kavli Affiliate: Roberto Maiolino | Summary:We investigate whether Little Red Dots (LRDs) are the dust-reddened, high-inclination counterparts of compact, blue broad-line AGNs (Little Blue Dots, LBDs) powered by super-Eddington accretion. We model the central engine as a geometrically thick, radiation–pressure supported accretion flow whose funnel produces strongly anisotropic, intrinsically blue ionizing continua, coupled to an […]

Kavli Affiliate: George Efstathiou | Summary:Measurements from the Absolute Radiometer for Cosmology, Astrophysics, and Diffuse Emission 2 (ARCADE-2) reveal a strong radio background in the GHz frequency range. Since the cosmological 21-cm signal is measured relative to the background radiation temperature, the presence of a radio excess can significantly alter its characteristics. Previous studies have […]