Kavli Affiliate: Robert Cameron
| First 5 Authors: Yuanyong Deng, Yuanyong Deng, , ,
| Summary:
The magnetic fields and dynamical processes in the solar polar regions play a
crucial role in the solar magnetic cycle and in supplying mass and energy to
the fast solar wind, ultimately being vital in controlling solar activities and
driving space weather. Despite numerous efforts to explore these regions, to
date no imaging observations of the Sun’s poles have been achieved from vantage
points out of the ecliptic plane, leaving their behavior and evolution poorly
understood. This observation gap has left three top-level scientific questions
unanswered, 1) How does the solar dynamo work and drive the solar magnetic
cycle? 2) What drives the fast solar wind? 3) How do space weather processes
globally originate from the Sun and propagate throughout the solar system? The
Solar Polar-orbit Observatory (SPO) mission, a solar polar exploration
spacecraft, is proposed to address these three unanswered scientific questions
by imaging the Sun’s poles from high heliolatitudes. In order to achieve its
scientific goals, SPO will carry six remote-sensing and four in-situ
instruments to measure the vector magnetic fields and Doppler velocity fields
in the photosphere, to observed the Sun in the extreme ultraviolet, X-ray, and
radio wavelengths, to image the corona and the heliosphere up to 45 $R_odot$,
and to perform in-situ detection of magnetic fields, and low- and high-energy
particles in the solar wind.
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