Kavli Affiliate: Satoshi Shirai
| First 5 Authors: Akifumi Chitose, Masahiro Ibe, Satoshi Shirai, Yaxuan Wen,
| Summary:
We investigate cosmic strings arising from a hierarchical gauge symmetry
breaking sequence, $mathrm{SU}(2) times mathrm{U}(1) rightarrow
mathrm{U}(1) times mathrm{U}(1) rightarrow mathrm{U}(1)’ rightarrow
text{Nothing}$. This pattern gives rise to two distinct classes of cosmic
strings: light, stable strings formed at a later stage, and heavy, metastable
strings originating from an earlier stage. Our focus is on the heavy strings,
which may decay either before or after the final $mathrm{U}(1)’$ symmetry is
broken. We analyze the internal structure of these strings and the magnetic
flux sourced by monopole-like configurations that emerge at the endpoints of
metastable string segments following their decay. Understanding the nature of
the magnetic $mathrm{U}(1)$ fluxes associated with these monopole-like objects
is crucial for studying the post-decay evolution of the string network. The
post-decay evolution influences the resulting gravitational wave signals. We
show that the magnetic flux carried by string segments can be either confined
or unconfined, depending on the specific sequence of symmetry breaking and
string decay.
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