Kavli Affiliate: Avi Shporer
| First 5 Authors: Zitao Lin, Tianjun Gan, Sharon X. Wang, Avi Shporer, Markus Rabus
| Summary:
We report the discovery of three transiting low-mass companions to aged
stars: a brown dwarf (TOI-2336b) and two objects near the hydrogen burning mass
limit (TOI-1608b and TOI-2521b). These three systems were first identified
using data from the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS). TOI-2336b has
a radius of $1.05pm 0.04 R_J$, a mass of $69.9pm 2.3 M_J$ and an orbital
period of 7.71 days. TOI-1608b has a radius of $1.21pm 0.06 R_J$, a mass of
$90.7pm 3.7 M_J$ and an orbital period of 2.47 days. TOI-2521b has a radius
of $1.01pm 0.04 R_J$, a mass of $77.5pm 3.3 M_J$ and an orbital period of
5.56 days. We found all these low-mass companions are inflated. We fitted a
relation between radius, mass and incident flux using the sample of known
transiting brown dwarfs and low-mass M dwarfs. We found a positive correlation
between the flux and the radius for brown dwarfs and for low-mass stars that is
weaker than the correlation observed for giant planets. We also found that
TOI-1608 and TOI-2521 are very likely to be spin-orbit synchronized, leading to
the unusually rapid rotation of the primary stars considering their
evolutionary stages. Our estimates indicate that both systems have much shorter
spin-orbit synchronization timescales compared to their ages. These systems
provide valuable insights into the evolution of stellar systems with brown
dwarf and low-mass stellar companions influenced by tidal effects.
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