Kavli Affiliate: Hitoshi Murayama | Summary:We present a minimal dark matter scenario: a single complex scalar carrying baryon and lepton number, with no new exact stabilizing symmetry. Its leading interaction is a dimension-7 semileptonic portal that, below confinement, generates a low-energy Yukawa coupling with the proton and electron. Requiring absolute stability of both the proton […]
Kavli Affiliate: Wayne Hu | Summary:Within the highly successful $Λ$CDM paradigm established with cosmic microwave background (CMB) anisotropy measurements, the optical depth through reionization $τ$ is the most uncertain due both to the difficulty in measuring large-angle polarization and the assumptions made in their interpretation. Currently, for the Planck primary data in the flat $Λ$CDM […]
Kavli Affiliate: David Muller | Summary:Voltage-tunable capacitors (varactors) are key to microwave circuits. Tunable dielectric varactors outperform competing technologies in almost every relevant metric but usually suffer from high dielectric loss. In contrast, Ruddlesden-Popper (RPs) dielectric thin films have remarkably low microwave loss. Unfortunately, their crystallographic symmetry has until recently dictated an in-plane device structure, […]
Kavli Affiliate: Xian Chen| Summary: Millisecond pulsars (MSPs) are abundant in globular clusters (GCs) and probably also in galactic nuclei. They offer the potential to form a miniature pulsar timing array (mini-PTA) to detect nanohertz gravitational-wave (GW) sources located inside the array. Since the size of such an array is comparable to the wavelength of […]
Kavli Affiliate: Lindsey Bleem | Summary:We present a simulation-driven assessment of the performance of the SPHEREx pipeline for galaxy cluster science, focusing on photometry, source blending, survey depth, and photometric redshift accuracy. To do that, we compile a sample of eight galaxy clusters spanning a wide redshift range ($z approx 0.02$-$1.1$) and develop an end-to-end […]
Kavli Affiliate: Rana Adhikari | Summary:Squeezed vacuum lets gravitational-wave detectors and other quantum sensors surpass the standard quantum limit, and is optimal in the loss-limited regime; phase noise breaks this optimality. Numerically optimizing the quantum Fisher information across the loss and phase-noise landscape, we identify non-Gaussian states that outperform any Gaussian state. These fall into […]
Kavli Affiliate: Rana Adhikari | Summary:Squeezed vacuum lets gravitational-wave detectors and other quantum sensors surpass the standard quantum limit, and is optimal in the loss-limited regime; phase noise breaks this optimality. Numerically optimizing the quantum Fisher information across the loss and phase-noise landscape, we identify non-Gaussian states that outperform any Gaussian state. These fall into […]
Kavli Affiliate: Robert Edwards | Authors: Craig Liddicoat, Bart A Eijkelkamp, Timothy R Cavagnaro, Jake M Robinson, Kiri Joy Wallace, Andrew D Barnes, Garth Harmsworth, Damien J Keating, Robert A Edwards and Martin F Breed | Summary: Global change profoundly impacts microbial systems but cascading effects on human metabolic health remain largely unexplored. Type 2 […]
Kavli Affiliate: Keri Martinowich | Authors: Leslie Hassanein, Bernard Mulvey, Harris Blankenship, Margaret M Tish, Anu Korukonda, L Cameron Liles, Amanda L Sharpe, Jean-Francois Pare, Rosa Villalba, Xiangchuan Chen, Khan Hekmatyar, Jenny Yang, Daniel Huddleston, Seong Su Kang, Arielle Segal, Steven A Sloan, Keri Martinowich, Keqiang Ye, Joseph D Dougherty, Katharine E McCann, Yoland Smith, […]
Kavli Affiliate: Michael Shadlen | Authors: Ariel Zylberberg, Ian Krajbich and Michael N Shadlen | Summary: Attention plays a key role in decision-making by directing limited cognitive resources to relevant information. It has been proposed that attention also biases the decision process, due to a multiplicative interaction between attention and subjective value (e.g., Krajbich et […]