December 4, 2025 – Kavli Institute Pre-Print Publications

Finding the Maximal Contrast of Two Elliptical Gaussian Mode Beams with Aligned Ellipticities

Posted by klaurent December 4, 2025Stanford

Kavli Affiliate: Brian Lantz | Summary:Interferometric contrast is a key factor limiting the sensitivity of precision optical measurements, including the laser interferometers used in gravitational-wave detection. While standard formulas describe the interference of circular Gaussian beams, many real systems use beams with elliptical cross sections, where differing waists and radii of curvature can reduce fringe […]

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Wake Vectoring for Efficient Morphing Flight

Posted by klaurent December 4, 2025Caltech

Kavli Affiliate: Morteza Gharib| Summary:Morphing aerial robots have the potential to transform autonomous flight, enabling navigation through cluttered environments, perching, and seamless transitions between aerial and terrestrial locomotion. Yet mid-flight reconfiguration presents a critical aerodynamic challenge: tilting propulsors to achieve shape change reduces vertical thrust, undermining stability and control authority. Here, we introduce a passive […]

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Towards individualized deep brain stimulation: A stereoelectroencephalography-based workflow for neurostimulation target identification

Posted by dbos December 4, 2025January 5, 2026UCSF

Kavli Affiliate: Edward Chang | Authors: Jeremy Saal, Kelly Kadlec, Anusha B. Allawala, Lucille Johnston, Ryan Leriche, Ritwik Vatsyayan, Yiyuan Han, Audrey Kist, Tommaso Di Ianni, Heather E. Dawes, Edward F. Chang, A Moses Lee, Andrew D. Krystal, Khaled Moussawi, Prasad Shirvalkar and Kristin K. Sellers | Summary: Objectives Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is increasingly […]

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Searching for Transit Timing Variations in young transiting systems

Posted by klaurent December 4, 2025MIT

Kavli Affiliate: Andrew Vanderburg | Summary:The discovery of young (<800 Myr) transiting planets has provided a new avenue to explore how planets form and evolve over their lifetimes. Mass measurements for these planets would be invaluable, but radial velocity surveys of young systems are often overwhelmed by stellar activity. Transit timing variations (TTVs) offer an […]

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Little red dot variability over a century reveals black hole envelope via a giant Einstein cross

Posted by klaurent December 4, 2025Peking

Kavli Affiliate: Linhua Jiang | Summary:"Little red dots" (LRDs) represent a new population of astronomical objects uncovered by JWST whose nature remains debated. Although many LRDs are suspected as active galactic nuclei (AGN), they show little variability on days-years timescales. We report the discovery of two gravitationally lensed LRDs at redshift $sim$4.3 behind the cluster […]

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PSR J0952-0607: Tightening a Record-High Neutron Star Mass

Posted by klaurent December 4, 2025Stanford

Kavli Affiliate: Roger Romani | Summary:We report on new orbit-minimum photometry and revised radial-velocity fitting that provide an improved measurement of the mass of the neutron star (NS) in pulsar PSR~J0952$-$0607 at $M_NS = 2.35pm 0.11 M_odot$. With its fast spin and unusually low magnetic field, this NS has evidently experienced unusual evolution, likely connected […]

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Deep Forcing: Training-Free Long Video Generation with Deep Sink and Participative Compression

Posted by klaurent December 4, 2025February 17, 2026Stanford

Kavli Affiliate: Hsiao-Mei (Sherry) Cho| First 5 Authors: [#item_custom_name[1, [#item_custom_name[2, [#item_custom_name[3, [#item_custom_name[4, [#item_custom_name[5| Summary:Recent advances in autoregressive video diffusion have enabled real-time frame streaming, yet existing solutions still suffer from temporal repetition, drift, and motion deceleration. We find that naively applying StreamingLLM-style attention sinks to video diffusion leads to fidelity degradation and motion stagnation. To […]

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Rethinking the Use of Vision Transformers for AI-Generated Image Detection

Posted by klaurent December 4, 2025February 17, 2026Stanford

Kavli Affiliate: Hsiao-Mei (Sherry) Cho| First 5 Authors: [#item_custom_name[1, [#item_custom_name[2, [#item_custom_name[3, [#item_custom_name[4, [#item_custom_name[5| Summary:Rich feature representations derived from CLIP-ViT have been widely utilized in AI-generated image detection. While most existing methods primarily leverage features from the final layer, we systematically analyze the contributions of layer-wise features to this task. Our study reveals that earlier layers […]

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Anomalous impurity-induced charge modulations in black phosphorus

Posted by klaurent December 4, 2025February 17, 2026Stanford

Kavli Affiliate: Hsiao-Mei (Sherry) Cho| First 5 Authors: [#item_custom_name[1, [#item_custom_name[2, [#item_custom_name[3, [#item_custom_name[4, [#item_custom_name[5| Summary:We observe anomalous charge modulations induced by ionized indium impurities on the surface of the semiconductor black phosphorus by scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). When the im- purities are switched into a negatively charged state by the STM tip, periodic charge modulations emerge […]

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Characterizing the Low-Mass Pre-Main-Sequence Population in the Low-Metallicity Star-Forming Region Dolidze 25 Using VLT-MUSE

Posted by klaurent December 4, 2025Peking

Kavli Affiliate: Gregory Herczeg | Summary:The metallicity of the star-forming environment is a fundamental parameter shaping the evolution of protoplanetary disks and the formation of planetary systems, yet its influence remains poorly constrained. We present a spectroscopic study of low-mass pre-main sequence (PMS) stars ($M < 1 , M_odot$) in the exceptionally metal-poor cluster Dolidze~25 […]

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