October 20, 2025 – Kavli Institute Pre-Print Publications

The thermal and kinematic Sunyaev-Zeldovich effect in galaxy clusters and filaments using multifrequency temperature maps of the cosmic microwave background: Abell 399–Abell 401 cluster pair case study

Posted by klaurent October 20, 2025Stanford

Kavli Affiliate: Richard Partridge| First 5 Authors: Ajay S. Gill, Ajay S. Gill, , , | Summary:We present a multifrequency and multi-instrument methodology to study the physical properties of galaxy clusters and cosmic filaments using cosmic microwave background observations. Our approach enables simultaneous measurement of both the thermal (tSZ) and kinematic Sunyaev-Zeldovich (kSZ) effects, incorporates […]

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A Quantum Algorithm for the Finite Element Method

Posted by klaurent October 20, 2025Berkeley

Kavli Affiliate: Birgitta Whaley | Summary:The finite element method (FEM) is a cornerstone numerical technique for solving partial differential equations (PDEs). Here, we present $textbfQu-FEM$, a fault-tolerant era quantum algorithm for the finite element method. In contrast to other quantum PDE solvers, Qu-FEM preserves the geometric flexibility of FEM by introducing two new primitives, the […]

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World-in-World: World Models in a Closed-Loop World

Posted by klaurent October 20, 2025November 5, 2025UCAS

Kavli Affiliate: Cheng Peng | First 5 Authors: Jiahan Zhang, Jiahan Zhang, , , | Summary: Generative world models (WMs) can now simulate worlds with striking visual realism, which naturally raises the question of whether they can endow embodied agents with predictive perception for decision making. Progress on this question has been limited by fragmented […]

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Humans share acoustic preferences with other animals

Posted by dbos October 20, 2025November 5, 2025Columbia

Kavli Affiliate: Sarah Woolley | Authors: Logan S James, Sarah C Woolley, Jon T Sakata, Courtney B Hilton, Michael J Ryan and Samuel A Mehr | Summary: Many animals produce sounds during courtship, and receivers prefer some sounds over others. Shared ancestry and convergent evolution may generate similarities in preference across species and could underlie […]

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AION-1: Omnimodal Foundation Model for Astronomical Sciences

Posted by klaurent October 20, 2025MIT

Kavli Affiliate: Nathan P. Lourie| First 5 Authors: Liam Parker, Liam Parker, , , | Summary:While foundation models have shown promise across a variety of fields, astronomy still lacks a unified framework for joint modeling across its highly diverse data modalities. In this paper, we present AION-1, a family of large-scale multimodal foundation models for […]

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Universal Spectral Tokenization via Self-Supervised Panchromatic Representation Learning

Posted by klaurent October 20, 2025MIT

Kavli Affiliate: Nathan P. Lourie| First 5 Authors: Jeff Shen, Jeff Shen, , , | Summary:Sequential scientific data span many resolutions and domains, and unifying them into a common representation is a key step toward developing foundation models for the sciences. Astronomical spectra exemplify this challenge: massive surveys have collected millions of spectra across a […]

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A 3D Chemodynamical Census of Inner-Galaxy Metal-poor Giants to [Fe/H]~-3.5

Posted by klaurent October 20, 2025Peking

Kavli Affiliate: Huawei Zhang | Summary:The earliest assembly of the Milky Way remains poorly understood, yet the spatial, chemical, and kinematic properties of its most metal-poor stars provide a unique fossil record of its proto-Galaxy phase. Understanding how this ancient component formed is essential for linking near-field Galactic archaeology to high-redshift galaxy evolution. We construct […]

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Relics of High-redshift Compaction in our Backyard: The Most Metal-poor Stars in the Proto-Galaxy

Posted by klaurent October 20, 2025Peking

Kavli Affiliate: Huawei Zhang | Summary:The earliest assembly of the Milky Way (MW) remains poorly understood, yet the spatial, chemical, and kinematic properties of its most metal-poor stars provide a unique fossil record of its proto-Galaxy phase. Understanding how this ancient component formed is essential for linking near-field Galactic archaeology to high-redshift galaxy evolution. We […]

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Context-Aware Pseudo-Label Scoring for Zero-Shot Video Summarization

Posted by klaurent October 20, 2025November 5, 2025UCAS

Kavli Affiliate: Long Zhang | First 5 Authors: Yuanli Wu, Yuanli Wu, , , | Summary: We propose a rubric-guided, pseudo-labeled, and prompt-driven zero-shot video summarization framework that bridges large language models with structured semantic reasoning. A small subset of human annotations is converted into high-confidence pseudo labels and organized into dataset-adaptive rubrics defining clear […]

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