Kavli Affiliate: Roberto Maiolino
| First 5 Authors: Joris Witstok, Joris Witstok, , ,
| Summary:
The unexpectedly high abundance of galaxies at $z > 11$ revealed by JWST has
sparked a debate on the nature of early galaxies and the physical mechanisms
regulating their formation. The Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array
(ALMA) has begun to provide vital insights on their gas and dust content, but
so far only for extreme ‘blue monsters’. Here we present new, deep ALMA
observations of JADES-GS-z11-0, a more typical (sub-$L^*$) $z > 11$ galaxy that
bridges the discovery space of JWST and the Hubble Space Telescope. These data
confirm the presence of the [O III] 88 $mu$m line at $4.5sigma$ significance,
precisely at the redshift of several faint emission lines previously seen with
JWST/NIRSpec, while the underlying dust continuum remains undetected ($F_nu <
9.0 , mathrmmu Jy$), implying an obscured star formation rate (SFR) of
$textSFR_textIR lesssim 6 , mathrmM_odot , yr^-1$ and dust mass
of $M_textdust lesssim 1.0 times 10^6 , mathrmM_odot$ (all
$3sigma$). The accurate ALMA redshift of $z_text[O III] = 11.1221 pm
0.0006$ ($gtrsim ! 5times$ refined over NIRSpec) helps confirm that
redshifts measured purely from the Lyman-$alpha$ break, even
spectroscopically, should properly take into account the effects of potential
damped Lyman-$alpha$ absorption (DLA) systems to avoid systematic
overestimates of up to $Delta z approx 0.5$. The [O III] 88 $mu$m luminosity
of $L_text[O III] = (1.0 pm 0.3) times 10^8 , mathrmL_odot$,
meanwhile, agrees well with the scaling relation for local metal-poor dwarfs
given the SFR measured by NIRCam, NIRSpec, and MIRI. The spatially resolved
MIRI and ALMA emission also underscores that JADES-GS-z11-0 is likely to
consist of two low-mass components that are undergoing strong bursts of star
formation yet are already pre-enriched in oxygen (~30% solar), only 400 Myr
after the Big Bang.
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