Kavli Affiliate: Wei Gao
| First 5 Authors: Heng-Yu Zhang, Xin-Hua Ma, Tian-Lu Chen, Shu-Wang Cui, Danzengluobu
| Summary:
Introduction:Electron-Neutron Detector Array (ENDA) is designed to measure
thermal neutrons produced by hadronic interactions between cosmic ray extensive
air showers (EAS) and the surrounding environment as well as electrons around
the cores of EAS. ENDA is located within Large High Altitude Air Shower
Observatory (LHAASO). ENDA was expanded from an initial 16 detectors to 64
detectors in April 2023, so called ENDA-64, and has been running alongside
LHAASO. The stability and consistency of neutron detection are crucial for
laying a solid foundation for subsequent data analysis and physical results.
Methods:We obtain the stability by studying variations of event rate and
thermal neutron rate in each cluster and the consistency by comparing
distribution of number of thermal neutrons between clusters. Additionally, we
investigate the specific influences of the rainy and dry seasons, as well as
the presence or absence of sand cubes under the detectors, to examine the
environmental factors affecting neutron measurement performance. Results:The
calibration results indicate good consistency in thermal neutron detection
across the clusters, with the maximum inconsistency of 6.85%. The maximum
instability of event rate and thermal neutron rate over time are 4.68% and
11.0% respectively. The maximum inconsistency between the clusters without the
sand cubes is 18%. The use of sand cubes is effective in protecting the target
material from rainwater, and the sand cubes help the cluster to increase
collection of neutrons generated by EAS events.
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