Kavli Affiliate: Zhuo Li
| First 5 Authors: Yacheng Kang, Jin-Ping Zhu, Yu-Han Yang, Ziming Wang, Eleonora Troja
| Summary:
The recent detections of bright optical/infrared kilonova signals following
two long-duration gamma-ray bursts (LGRBs), GRB 211211A and GRB 230307A, have
significantly challenged the traditional classification of GRBs. These
merger-driven LGRBs may represent a distinct GRB population. Since traditional
GRB classification methods often struggle to distinguish merger-driven LGRBs
from traditional merger-driven short-duration GRBs resulting from compact
object mergers and collapse-driven LGRBs produced by massive stars, this work
aims to explore the shared properties in terms of hardness, energy, and
duration among currently observed merger-driven LGRB events, thereby
identifying their observed differences from the traditional GRB population. We
collect a sample of merger-driven LGRBs with known redshifts, including
observed information on their main emission (ME) and whole emission (WE)
phases. Treating ME and WE properties as two independent sets of information,
we apply several GRB classification methodologies to explore their potential
shared properties. Using the phenomenologically defined Energy-Hardness (EH)
parameter, we identify a probable universal linear correlation across
merger-driven LGRBs, regardless of whether their ME or WE phases are
considered. We propose that such shared properties of merger-driven LGRBs are
unlikely to arise from the low-redshift selection effect and they become
particularly intriguing when compared with the relatively weak correlations or
lack of correlation observed in traditional merger-driven short-duration GRBs
(with or without extended emissions) and collapse-driven LGRBs. Our newly
proposed correlation highlights the necessity for further investigation into
the observations of merger-driven LGRBs and the physical mechanisms underlying
the empirical correlation.
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