Kavli Affiliate: Luis C. Ho
| First 5 Authors: Vineet Ojha, Vineet Ojha, , ,
| Summary:
We performed a comprehensive analysis of flux and color variability in a
redshift-matched sample of Seyfert galaxies, comprising 23 gamma-ray-detected
narrow-line Seyfert 1 galaxies (gNLS1s), 190 non-gamma-ray-detected narrow-line
Seyfert 1 galaxies (ngNLS1s), and 10 gamma-ray-detected broad-line Seyfert 1
galaxies (gBLS1s). Utilizing multi-band light curves from the Zwicky Transient
Facility (ZTF) in g, r, and i bands, along with mid-infrared (MIR) observations
in W1 and W2 bands from the Wide-Field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE), we
observed that gBLS1s exhibit more significant variability than gNLS1s, while
ngNLS1s display minimal variability across both optical and MIR wavelengths.
The pronounced variability in gBLS1s may be attributed to a more closely
aligned jet relative to the observer’s line of sight or their comparatively
lower accretion rates. In contrast, the subdued variability in ngNLS1s suggests
that their flux changes are primarily driven by accretion disk instabilities. A
strong correlation between optical and MIR variability amplitudes across
different time scales supports the reprocessing scenario, where accretion disk
emission variations are re-emitted by surrounding dust. Furthermore, our
long-term color variability analysis revealed both stronger bluer-when-brighter
(BWB) and redder-when-brighter (RWB) trends from the current sample, but a
stronger RWB in approximately 50%, 49%, and 50% of gNLS1s, ngNLS1s, and gBLS1s,
respectively, in the longer side of the optical wavelength, and 55%, 28%, and
30% in the MIR wavelength, strengthen the reprocessing scenario. The prevalent
RWB trend observed in both optical and MIR wavelengths from the current sample
on the longer time scales is likely associated with accretion disk
instabilities.
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