January 2025 – Page 4 – Kavli Institute Pre-Print Publications

Central densities of dark matter halos in FIRE-2 simulations of low-mass galaxies with cold dark matter and self-interacting dark matter

Posted by klaurent January 28, 2025MIT

Kavli Affiliate: Lina Necib | Summary:We investigate the central density structure of dark matter halos in cold dark matter (CDM) and self-interacting dark matter (SIDM) models using simulations that are part of the Feedback In Realistic Environments (FIRE) project. For simulated halos of dwarf galaxy scale ($M_rm halo(z=0)approx 10^10,M_odot$), we study the central structure in […]

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Central densities of dark matter halos in FIRE-2 simulations of low-mass galaxies with cold dark matter and self-interacting dark matter

Posted by dbos January 28, 2025February 10, 2025MIT

Kavli Affiliate: Lina Necib | First 5 Authors: Maria C. Straight, Michael Boylan-Kolchin, James S. Bullock, Philip F. Hopkins, Xuejian Shen | Summary: We investigate the central density structure of dark matter halos in cold dark matter (CDM) and self-interacting dark matter (SIDM) models using simulations that are part of the Feedback In Realistic Environments […]

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Open Problems in Mechanistic Interpretability

Posted by dbos January 27, 2025February 10, 2025MIT

Kavli Affiliate: Max Tegmark | First 5 Authors: Lee Sharkey, Bilal Chughtai, Joshua Batson, Jack Lindsey, Jeff Wu | Summary: Mechanistic interpretability aims to understand the computational mechanisms underlying neural networks’ capabilities in order to accomplish concrete scientific and engineering goals. Progress in this field thus promises to provide greater assurance over AI system behavior […]

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International Astrophysical Consortium for High-energy Calibration: Summary of the 16th IACHEC Workshop

Posted by klaurent January 27, 2025MIT

Kavli Affiliate: Catherine Grant | Summary:In this report we summarize the activities of the International Astronomical Consortium for High Energy Calibration (IACHEC) from the 16th IACHEC Workshop at Parador de La Granja, Spain. Sixty-one scientists directly involved in the calibration of operational and future high-energy missions gathered during 3.5 days to discuss the status of […]

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Object Detection for Medical Image Analysis: Insights from the RT-DETR Model

Posted by dbos January 27, 2025February 10, 2025Berkeley

Kavli Affiliate: Ting Xu | First 5 Authors: Weijie He, Yuwei Zhang, Ting Xu, Tai An, Yingbin Liang | Summary: Deep learning has emerged as a transformative approach for solving complex pattern recognition and object detection challenges. This paper focuses on the application of a novel detection framework based on the RT-DETR model for analyzing […]

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A Study of Afterglow Signatures in NaI and CsI Scintillator Modules for the Background and Transient Observer Instrument on COSI

Posted by klaurent January 27, 2025Tokyo

Kavli Affiliate: Tadayuki Takahashi | Summary:We present measurements of the afterglow signatures in NaI(Tl) and CsI(Tl) detector modules as part of the Background and Transient Observer (BTO) mission detector trade-study. BTO is a NASA Student Collaboration Project flying on the Compton Spectrometer and Imager (COSI) Small Explorer mission in 2027. The detectors utilized in this […]

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A Study of Afterglow Signatures in NaI and CsI Scintillator Modules for the Background and Transient Observer Instrument on COSI

Posted by dbos January 27, 2025Tokyo

Kavli Affiliate: Tadayuki Takahashi | First 5 Authors: Hannah Gulick, Hiroki Yoneda, Tadayuki Takahashi, Claire Chen, Kazuhiro Nakazawa | Summary: We present measurements of the afterglow signatures in NaI(Tl) and CsI(Tl) detector modules as part of the Background and Transient Observer (BTO) mission detector trade-study. BTO is a NASA Student Collaboration Project flying on the […]

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Cosmological Consequences of Domain Walls Biased by Quantum Gravity

Posted by klaurent January 27, 2025Tokyo

Kavli Affiliate: Masahito Yamazaki | Summary:One of the simplest standard model extensions leading to a domain wall network is a real scalar $S$ with a $Z_2$ symmetry spontaneously broken during universe evolution. Motivated by the swampland program, we explore the possibility that quantum gravity effects are responsible for violation of the discrete symmetry, triggering the […]

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A brainstem map of orofacial rhythms

Posted by dbos January 27, 2025February 10, 2025UCSD / Salk

Kavli Affiliate: David Kleinfeld | Authors: Heet Kaku, Liu D Liu, Runbo Gao, Steven West, Song-Mao Liao, Arseny Finkelstein, David Kleinfeld, Alyse Thomas, Sri Laasya Tipparaju, Karel Svoboda and Nuo Li | Summary: Rhythmic orofacial movements, such as eating, drinking, or vocalization, are controlled by distinct premotor oscillator networks in the brainstem. Orofacial movements must […]

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Heterozygosity at a conserved candidate sex determination locus is associated with female development in the clonal raider ant

Posted by dbos January 27, 2025February 10, 2025Rockefeller

Kavli Affiliate: Daniel Kronauer | Authors: Kip D Lacy, Jina Lee, Kathryn Rozen-Gagnon, Wei Wang, Thomas S Carroll and Daniel J C Kronauer | Summary: Sex determination is a developmental switch that triggers sex-specific developmental programs. This switch is “flipped” by the expression of genes that promote male- or female-specific development. Many lineages have evolved […]

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