Vortex-Induced Rings and Gaps within Protoplanetary Disks

Kavli Affiliate: Ruobing Dong

| First 5 Authors: Xiaoyi Ma, Pinghui Huang, Cong Yu, Ruobing Dong,

| Summary:

Observations of protoplanetary disks have revealed the presence of both
crescent-shaped and ring-like structures in dust continuum emission. These
crescents are thought to arise from dust-trapping vortices generated by the
Rossby Wave Instability (RWI), which induces density waves akin to those caused
by planets. These vortices have the potential to create gaps and rings within
the disk, resulting from the dissipation of their density waves. We carry out
2D hydrodynamic simulations in the shearing box to investigate vortex-disk
interaction. We find that long-lived vortices can produce dust rings and gaps
in inviscid discs detectable by ALMA, and a more elongated vortex produces
rings at larger separations. Vortex-induced density waves carry over two orders
of magnitude higher angular momentum flux compared to planet-induced ones that
shock at the same location, making the former much more effective at producing
dust gaps and rings far away.

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