Kavli Affiliate: Lijing Shao
| First 5 Authors: Wen-Fan Feng, Tan Liu, Yan Wang, Lijing Shao,
| Summary:
The successful detection of continuous gravitational waves from spinning
neutron stars (NSs) will shape our understanding of the physical properties of
dense matter under extreme conditions. Binary population synthesis simulations
show that forthcoming space-borne gravitational wave detectors may be capable
of detecting some tight Galactic double NSs with 10-min orbital periods.
Successfully searching for continuous waves from the individual NS in such a
close binary demands extremely precise waveform templates considering the
interaction between the NS and its companion. Unlike the isolated formation
channel, double NS systems from the dynamical formation channel have moderate
to high orbital eccentricities. To accommodate these systems, we generalize the
analytical waveforms from triaxial nonaligned NSs under spin-orbit coupling
derived by Feng textit{et al.}
[href{https://journals.aps.org/prd/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevD.108.063035}{Phys.
Rev. D 108, 063035 (2023)}] to incorporate the effects of the orbital
eccentricity. Our findings suggest that for binaries formed through isolated
binary evolution, the impact of eccentricity on the continuous waves of their
NSs can be neglected. In contrast, for those formed through dynamical
processes, it is necessary to consider eccentricity, as high-eccentricity
orbits can result in a fitting factor of $lesssim 0.97$ (0.9) within
approximately 0.5 (1) to 2 (5) yr of a coherent search (at wave frequencies of
100 and 200 Hz). Once the continuous waves from spinning NSs in tight binaries
are detected, the relative measurement accuracy of eccentricity can reach
$Delta e / e sim O(10^{-7})$ for a signal-to-noise ratio of $O(100)$ based on
the Fisher information matrix, bearing significant implications for
understanding the formation mechanisms of double NS systems.
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