Kavli Affiliate: David P. Huenemoerder
| First 5 Authors: Ralf K. Heilmann, David P. Huenemoerder, Jake A. McCoy, Randall L. McEntaffer,
| Summary:
X-ray diffraction gratings play an essential role in high-resolution
spectroscopy of astrophysical phenomena. We present some scientific highlights
from the X-ray grating spectrometers (XGS) on board of the Chandra and
XMM/Newton missions, XGS optical design, and the basic physics of grating
diffraction geometry and efficiency. We review design, fabrication, and
performance of the currently orbiting transmission and reflection grating
elements, followed by descriptions of the state-of-the art of more advanced
grating technologies that promise orders-of-magnitude improvements in XGS
performance, especially in combination with advanced X-ray telescope mirrors. A
few key science questions that require new grating technology are posed, and
powerful future mission concepts and recent and approved missions are
presented.
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