Kavli Affiliate: Luis C. Ho
| First 5 Authors: Zhen-Kai Gao, Chen-Fatt Lim, Wei-Hao Wang, Chian-Chou Chen, Ian Smail
| Summary:
We present confusion-limited SCUBA-2 450-$mu$m observations in the
COSMOS-CANDELS region as part of the JCMT Large Program, SCUBA-2 Ultra Deep
Imaging EAO Survey (STUDIES). Our maps at 450 and 850 $mu$m cover an area of
450 arcmin$^2$. We achieved instrumental noise levels of
$sigma_{mathrm{450}}=$ 0.59 mJy beam$^{-1}$ and $sigma_{mathrm{850}}=$ 0.09
mJy beam$^{-1}$ in the deepest area of each map. The corresponding confusion
noise levels are estimated to be 0.65 and 0.36 mJy beam$^{-1}$. Above the 4
(3.5) $sigma$ threshold, we detected 360 (479) sources at 450 $mu$m and 237
(314) sources at 850 $mu$m. We derive the deepest blank-field number counts at
450 $mu$m, covering the flux-density range of 2 to 43 mJy. These are in
agreement with other SCUBA-2 blank-field and lensing-cluster observations, but
are lower than various model counts. We compare the counts with those in other
fields and find that the field-to-field variance observed at 450 $mu$m at the
$R=6^prime$ scale is consistent with Poisson noise, so there is no evidence of
strong 2-D clustering at this scale. Additionally, we derive the integrated
surface brightness at 450 $mu$m down to 2.1 mJy to be $57.3^{+1.0}_{-6.2}$~Jy
deg$^{-2}$, contributing to (41$pm$4)% of the 450-$mu$m extragalactic
background light (EBL) measured by COBE and Planck. Our results suggest that
the 450-$mu$m EBL may be fully resolved at $0.08^{+0.09}_{-0.08}$~mJy, which
extremely deep lensing-cluster observations and next-generation submillimeter
instruments with large aperture sizes may be able to achieve.
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