Kavli Affiliate: Wei Gao
| First 5 Authors: Bang Liu, Li-Hua Zhang, Zong-Kai Liu, Zheng-Yuan Zhang, Zhi-Han Zhu
| Summary:
Rydberg atoms have great potential in electric field measurement and have an
advantage with a large frequency bandwidth from the kHz to the THz scale.
However, the sensitivity for measuring a weak MHz electric field signal is
limited by the spectroscopic resolution, because the weak electric field
induces only a small perturbation of the population and energy level shift of
the Rydberg atoms. Here, we report highly sensitive measurement of a weak MHz
electric field using electromagnetically induced transparency with Rydberg
atoms in a thermal atomic system. Using the heterodyne method on a 30-MHz
electric field, we successfully measure the minimum electric field strength to
be textcolor{black}{37.3 $mathrm{mu V/cm}$} with a sensitivity up to $-65$
dBm/Hz and a linear dynamic range over 65 dB. Additionally, we measure an
amplitude-modulated signal and demodulate the signal with a fidelity over 98%.
This work extends the sensitivity of atomic sensors for measuring MHz electric
fields, which advances atomic electric field-sensing technology.
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