Kavli Affiliate: Mark J. Bowick
| First 5 Authors: Mark J. Bowick, Nikta Fakhri, M. Cristina Marchetti, Sriram Ramaswamy,
| Summary:
This article summarizes some of the open questions in the field of active
matter that have emerged during Active20, a nine-week program held at the Kavli
Institute for Theoretical Physics (KITP) in Spring 2020. The article does not
provide a review of the field, but rather a personal view of the authors,
informed by contributions of all participants, on new directions in active
matter research. The topics highlighted include: the ubiquitous occurrence of
spontaneous flows and active turbulence and the theoretical and experimental
challenges associated with controlling and harnessing such flows; the role of
motile topological defects in ordered states of active matter and their
possible biological relevance; the emergence of non-reciprocal effective
interactions and the role of chirality in active systems and their intriguing
connections to non-Hermitian quantum mechanics; the progress towards a
formulation of the thermodynamics of active systems thanks to the feedback
between theory and experiments; the impact of the active matter framework on
our understanding of the emergent mechanics of biological tissue. These
seemingly diverse phenomena all stem from the defining property of active
matter – assemblies of self-driven entities that individually break
time-reversal symmetry and collectively organize in a rich variety of
nonequilibrium states.
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