Quantum Hamiltonian Algorithms for Maximum Independent Sets

Kavli Affiliate: Frank Wilczek

| First 5 Authors: Xianjue Zhao, Peiyun Ge, Hongye Yu, Li You, Frank Wilczek

| Summary:

With qubits encoded into atomic ground and Rydberg states and situated on the
vertexes of a graph, the conditional quantum dynamics of Rydberg blockade,
which inhibits simultaneous excitation of nearby atoms, has been employed
recently to find maximum independent sets following an adiabatic evolution
algorithm hereafter denoted by HV [Science 376, 1209 (2022)]. An alternative
algorithm, short named the PK algorithm, reveals that the independent sets
diffuse over a media graph governed by a non-abelian gauge matrix of an
emergent PXP model. This work shows the above two algorithms are mathematically
equivalent, despite of their seemingly different physical implementations. More
importantly, we demonstrated that although the two are mathematically
equivalent, the PK algorithm exhibits more efficient and resource-saving
performance. Within the same range of experimental parameters, our numerical
studies suggest that the PK algorithm performs at least 25% better on average
and saves at least $6times10^6$ measurements ($sim 900$ hours of continuous
operation) for each graph when compared to the HV algorithm. We further
consider the measurement error and point out that this may cause the
oscillations in the performance of the HV’s optimization process.

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