High-performance gates on trapped ion qubits using counterpropagating pulse-shaped laser beams

Posted by klaurent Stanford

Kavli Affiliate: Susan Clark | Summary:Highly-localized light-matter interactions are necessary for scaling trapped-ion architectures. In hyperfine qubits, counterpropagating beams generate entangling gates by coupling with motion, but this effect is undesirable during single-qubit operations. For that reason, single-qubit gates are traditionally implemented with copropagating beams, and the coexistence of two beam geometries adds hardware and […]


Continue.. High-performance gates on trapped ion qubits using counterpropagating pulse-shaped laser beams

The Logic of Thalamic Inputs onto the Molecular Taxonomy of Cortical Neurons Reveals a Visual Hierarchy

Posted by dbos UCSF

Kavli Affiliate: Xin Duan and Massimo Scanziani | Authors: Xinxin Ge, Xing Wei, Baixi Ruan, Qin Ying Wu, Siyuan Chang, Nicole Tsai, Shaobo Zhang, Xin Duan and Massimo Scanziani | Summary: The hierarchical organization of sensory cortices and the rich molecular taxonomy of their cell types are defining features of the mammalian cortex. Cortical areas […]


Continue.. The Logic of Thalamic Inputs onto the Molecular Taxonomy of Cortical Neurons Reveals a Visual Hierarchy

Beyond Accuracy: Measuring Bias Acknowledgment in Chain-of-Thought Reasoning for Responsible AI Evaluation

Posted by klaurent Caltech

Kavli Affiliate: Wei Gao| Summary:Reasoning models are increasingly used in settings where the final answer is not the only object of review: educational tools may show students intermediate steps, decision-support systems may require human oversight, and audit workflows may inspect traces for misleading or biased input. In such settings, two responses can receive the same […]


Continue.. Beyond Accuracy: Measuring Bias Acknowledgment in Chain-of-Thought Reasoning for Responsible AI Evaluation

Beyond Accuracy: Measuring Bias Acknowledgment in Chain-of-Thought Reasoning for Responsible AI Evaluation

Posted by klaurent Caltech

Kavli Affiliate: Wei Gao| Summary:Reasoning models are increasingly used in settings where the final answer is not the only object of review: educational tools may show students intermediate steps, decision-support systems may require human oversight, and audit workflows may inspect traces for misleading or biased input. In such settings, two responses can receive the same […]


Continue.. Beyond Accuracy: Measuring Bias Acknowledgment in Chain-of-Thought Reasoning for Responsible AI Evaluation

Coordination of spike timing among the neurons of the cerebellum

Posted by dbos Hopkins

Kavli Affiliate: Reza Shadmehr | Authors: Mohammad Amin Fakharian, Elijah A Taeckens, Alexander N Vasserman, Alden Shoup and Reza Shadmehr | Summary: We tend to think of neurons as either excitatory or inhibitory, but certain neurons chemically inhibit their downstream targets while electrically exciting their neighbors. For example, in the cerebellum, molecular layer interneurons (MLIs) […]


Continue.. Coordination of spike timing among the neurons of the cerebellum

Rust fungi secretomes contain structurally diverse effector families including cysteine-rich metal-binding proteins

Posted by dbos Rockefeller

Kavli Affiliate: Li Zhao | Authors: Megan Outram, Zhao Li, Michael Kuiper, Simon J Williams, Melania Figueroa, Peter Dodds and Jana Sperschneider | Summary: Rust fungi are significant threats to global food security, causing substantial damage to crops through their ability to adapt and evolve new strains that overcome resistance. These obligate biotrophs infect host […]


Continue.. Rust fungi secretomes contain structurally diverse effector families including cysteine-rich metal-binding proteins

High-fidelity two-qubit gates in a 7-qubit register for quantum networks

Posted by klaurent Delft

Kavli Affiliate: Tim H. Taminiau | Summary:Quantum networks based on optically active solid-state spins may enable quantum technologies including long-range quantum communication and distributed quantum computing. Network nodes containing multiple high-fidelity qubits can facilitate large-scale fault-tolerant operation. However, the stringent error thresholds remain out of reach for multi-qubit registers. In this work, we demonstrate high-fidelity […]


Continue.. High-fidelity two-qubit gates in a 7-qubit register for quantum networks

Striatal ensembles specify and control ongoing actions at fine motor resolution

Posted by dbos Columbia

Kavli Affiliate: Rui Costa and Darcy Peterka | Authors: nes Rodrigues-Vaz, Vivek R. Athalye, Helio F. M. Rodrigues, Darcy S. Peterka and Rui M. Costa | Summary: The striatum is classically thought to modulate action vigor and reinforcement, but whether it specifies and controls ongoing actions at a fine scale remains unclear. Here, we test […]


Continue.. Striatal ensembles specify and control ongoing actions at fine motor resolution

From THESAN-ZOOM to JWST: Predicting ionizing photon escape and the rise of UV-bright reionization sources

Posted by klaurent MIT

Kavli Affiliate: Mark Vogelsberger | Summary:Understanding the sources and evolution of cosmic reionization remains a central challenge in astrophysics, with the escape of ionizing Lyman-continuum (LyC) photons from early galaxies representing a major uncertainty. In this work, we use more than 35,000 galaxy realisations from the THESAN-ZOOM cosmological radiation-hydrodynamic simulations to identify indirect diagnostics of […]


Continue.. From THESAN-ZOOM to JWST: Predicting ionizing photon escape and the rise of UV-bright reionization sources

Hydrogen and Helium Dissolution, Outgassing, and Loss in Evolving Sub-Neptune Magma Oceans: Examining Demographic Features and Radius Evolution

Posted by klaurent Stanford

Kavli Affiliate: Laura Schaefer | Summary:Sub-Neptunes’ molten interiors are expected to accommodate large quantities of volatiles, potentially altering their radius evolution. Previous studies have examined this effect in isolation with simplified evolution modeling, often assuming idealized interior and atmospheric conditions. To address this limitation, we introduce SEAMIST, a unified evolution model for sub-Neptunes and super-Earths […]


Continue.. Hydrogen and Helium Dissolution, Outgassing, and Loss in Evolving Sub-Neptune Magma Oceans: Examining Demographic Features and Radius Evolution