Kavli Affiliate: Oskar Painter
| Summary:
Next generation quantum technologies will need to rely on efficient transduction between electrical, optical, and mechanical quantum degrees of freedom to generate large-scale entanglement over large distances. The performance of such transducers is fundamentally limited by the cryogenic properties of the underlying materials. Here, we demonstrate that engineering strain in ferroelectric thin-film strontium titanate ($mathrmSrTiO_3$) not only results in an exceptionally large Pockels coefficient, but also in a robust linear piezoelectric response at cryogenic temperatures, surpassing previous thin-film benchmarks. We measure piezoelectric tensor elements of $d_15 = 151.8 pm 1.5$ pm/V and $d_33 = 54.8 pm 4$ pm/V, and an effective photoelastic coefficient of $p_mathrmeff$ = 0.56 at 5~K. Utilizing these enhanced properties, we demonstrate the first $mathrmSrTiO_3$-on-oxide acousto-optic modulator with a voltage-length product ($V_πL$) of $0.874 pm 0.084$ V.cm, outperforming state-of-the-art unreleased modulators that typically feature a $V_πL$ of a few V.cm. Our results establish thin-film $mathrmSrTiO_3$ as a promising material system for integrated quantum photonics operating at cryogenic temperatures.
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