Kavli Affiliate: Max Tegmark | Summary:The lack of a concrete definition for Artificial General Intelligence (AGI) obscures the gap between today’s specialized AI and human-level cognition. This paper introduces a quantifiable framework to address this, defining AGI as matching the cognitive versatility and proficiency of a well-educated adult. To operationalize this, we ground our methodology […]
Kavli Affiliate: Richard Partridge| First 5 Authors: Ajay S. Gill, Ajay S. Gill, , , | Summary:We present a multifrequency and multi-instrument methodology to study the physical properties of galaxy clusters and cosmic filaments using cosmic microwave background observations. Our approach enables simultaneous measurement of both the thermal (tSZ) and kinematic Sunyaev-Zeldovich (kSZ) effects, incorporates […]
Kavli Affiliate: Birgitta Whaley | Summary:The finite element method (FEM) is a cornerstone numerical technique for solving partial differential equations (PDEs). Here, we present $textbfQu-FEM$, a fault-tolerant era quantum algorithm for the finite element method. In contrast to other quantum PDE solvers, Qu-FEM preserves the geometric flexibility of FEM by introducing two new primitives, the […]
Kavli Affiliate: Cheng Peng | First 5 Authors: Jiahan Zhang, Jiahan Zhang, , , | Summary: Generative world models (WMs) can now simulate worlds with striking visual realism, which naturally raises the question of whether they can endow embodied agents with predictive perception for decision making. Progress on this question has been limited by fragmented […]
Kavli Affiliate: Sarah Woolley | Authors: Logan S James, Sarah C Woolley, Jon T Sakata, Courtney B Hilton, Michael J Ryan and Samuel A Mehr | Summary: Many animals produce sounds during courtship, and receivers prefer some sounds over others. Shared ancestry and convergent evolution may generate similarities in preference across species and could underlie […]
Kavli Affiliate: Nathan P. Lourie| First 5 Authors: Liam Parker, Liam Parker, , , | Summary:While foundation models have shown promise across a variety of fields, astronomy still lacks a unified framework for joint modeling across its highly diverse data modalities. In this paper, we present AION-1, a family of large-scale multimodal foundation models for […]
Kavli Affiliate: Nathan P. Lourie| First 5 Authors: Jeff Shen, Jeff Shen, , , | Summary:Sequential scientific data span many resolutions and domains, and unifying them into a common representation is a key step toward developing foundation models for the sciences. Astronomical spectra exemplify this challenge: massive surveys have collected millions of spectra across a […]
Kavli Affiliate: Huawei Zhang | Summary:The earliest assembly of the Milky Way remains poorly understood, yet the spatial, chemical, and kinematic properties of its most metal-poor stars provide a unique fossil record of its proto-Galaxy phase. Understanding how this ancient component formed is essential for linking near-field Galactic archaeology to high-redshift galaxy evolution. We construct […]
Kavli Affiliate: Huawei Zhang | Summary:The earliest assembly of the Milky Way (MW) remains poorly understood, yet the spatial, chemical, and kinematic properties of its most metal-poor stars provide a unique fossil record of its proto-Galaxy phase. Understanding how this ancient component formed is essential for linking near-field Galactic archaeology to high-redshift galaxy evolution. We […]
Kavli Affiliate: Long Zhang | First 5 Authors: Yuanli Wu, Yuanli Wu, , , | Summary: We propose a rubric-guided, pseudo-labeled, and prompt-driven zero-shot video summarization framework that bridges large language models with structured semantic reasoning. A small subset of human annotations is converted into high-confidence pseudo labels and organized into dataset-adaptive rubrics defining clear […]