GRPO-Guard: Mitigating Implicit Over-Optimization in Flow Matching via Regulated Clipping

Posted by klaurent Peking

Kavli Affiliate: Jing Wang | First 5 Authors: Jing Wang, Jing Wang, , , | Summary: Recently, GRPO-based reinforcement learning has shown remarkable progress in optimizing flow-matching models, effectively improving their alignment with task-specific rewards. Within these frameworks, the policy update relies on importance-ratio clipping to constrain overconfident positive and negative gradients. However, in practice, […]


Continue.. GRPO-Guard: Mitigating Implicit Over-Optimization in Flow Matching via Regulated Clipping

Inferring neutron-star Love-Q relations from gravitational waves in the hierarchical Bayesian framework

Posted by klaurent Peking

Kavli Affiliate: Lijing Shao | Summary:Despite the large uncertainties in the equation of state for neutron stars (NSs), a tight universal “Love-Q” relation exists between their dimensionless tidal deformability, $Λ$, and the dimensionless quadrupole moment, $Q$. However, this relation has not yet been directly measured through observations. Gravitational waves (GWs) emitted from binary NS (BNS) […]


Continue.. Inferring neutron-star Love-Q relations from gravitational waves in the hierarchical Bayesian framework

Every Activation Boosted: Scaling General Reasoner to 1 Trillion Open Language Foundation

Posted by klaurent Tokyo

Kavli Affiliate: Jia Liu | First 5 Authors: Ling Team, Ling Team, , , | Summary: We introduce Ling 2.0, a series reasoning-oriented language foundation built upon the principle that every activation boosts reasoning capability. Designed to scale from tens of billions to one trillion parameters under a unified Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) paradigm, Ling 2.0 emphasizes […]


Continue.. Every Activation Boosted: Scaling General Reasoner to 1 Trillion Open Language Foundation

How to Build an Empirical Speed Distribution for Dark Matter in the Solar Neighborhood

Posted by klaurent MIT

Kavli Affiliate: Lina Necib | Summary:The dark matter flux in a direct detection experiment depends on its local speed distribution. This distribution has been inferred from simulations of Milky Way-like galaxies, but such models serve only as proxies, given that no simulation directly captures the detailed evolution of our own Galaxy. This motivates alternative approaches […]


Continue.. How to Build an Empirical Speed Distribution for Dark Matter in the Solar Neighborhood

How to Build an Empirical Speed Distribution for Dark Matter in the Solar Neighborhood

Posted by klaurent MIT

Kavli Affiliate: Lina Necib | Summary:The dark matter flux in a direct detection experiment depends on its local speed distribution. This distribution has been inferred from simulations of Milky Way-like galaxies, but such models serve only as proxies given that no simulation directly captures the detailed evolution of our own Galaxy. This motivates alternative approaches […]


Continue.. How to Build an Empirical Speed Distribution for Dark Matter in the Solar Neighborhood

Intertwined Orders, Quantum Criticality and Skyrmions in Tunable Topological Bands

Posted by klaurent Cornell

Kavli Affiliate: Debanjan Chowdhury | Summary:Skyrmions are emergent many-body excitations that lie at the heart of both multi-component quantum Hall-like systems and deconfined quantum criticality. In a companion article (X. Wang et al., arXiv:2507.22971), we studied a microscopic time-reversal symmetric model of tunable interacting Chern bands using numerically exact determinant quantum Monte Carlo calculations, and […]


Continue.. Intertwined Orders, Quantum Criticality and Skyrmions in Tunable Topological Bands

Developmental variation in dopamine neurobiology, neurocognitive functioning, and impulsivity shape substance use trajectories in youth

Posted by dbos UCSD / Salk

Kavli Affiliate: Wesley Thompson | Authors: Ashley Clare Parr, Amar Ojha, Daniel Petrie, Finnegan Calabro, Brenden Tervo-Clemmens, Will Foran, Douglas Fitzgerald, Susan Tapert, Kate Nooner, Wesley Thompson, David Goldston, Duncan Clark and Beatriz Luna | Summary: Theoretical neurodevelopmental models implicate increases in dopamine (DA) function and limitations in neurocognitive control in risk-taking behavior, including substance […]


Continue.. Developmental variation in dopamine neurobiology, neurocognitive functioning, and impulsivity shape substance use trajectories in youth

Examining the Spin Structure of Altermagnetic Candidate MnTe Grown with Near Ideal Stoichiometry

Posted by klaurent Peking

Kavli Affiliate: Ke Wang | First 5 Authors: Qihua Zhang, Qihua Zhang, , , | Summary: Altermagnets are a recently-discovered class of materials with magnetic ordering that have a zero net magnetization and a momentum-dependent spin splitting in their band structure, arising from a collinear spin arrangement with alternating polarizations in the crystal lattice. The […]


Continue.. Examining the Spin Structure of Altermagnetic Candidate MnTe Grown with Near Ideal Stoichiometry

LEO Satellite Track Correction for CSST Multi-Band Imaging Data

Posted by klaurent Peking

Kavli Affiliate: Hu Zhan | First 5 Authors: Huai-Jin Tang, Huai-Jin Tang, , , | Summary: Low Earth Orbit satellite (LEOsat) mega-constellations are considered to be an unavoidable source of contamination for survey observations to be carried out by the China Space Station Telescope (CSST) over the next decade. This study reconstructs satellite trail profiles […]


Continue.. LEO Satellite Track Correction for CSST Multi-Band Imaging Data

PhysWorld: From Real Videos to World Models of Deformable Objects via Physics-Aware Demonstration Synthesis

Posted by klaurent Berkeley

Kavli Affiliate: Xiang Zhang | First 5 Authors: Yu Yang, Yu Yang, , , | Summary: Interactive world models that simulate object dynamics are crucial for robotics, VR, and AR. However, it remains a significant challenge to learn physics-consistent dynamics models from limited real-world video data, especially for deformable objects with spatially-varying physical properties. To […]


Continue.. PhysWorld: From Real Videos to World Models of Deformable Objects via Physics-Aware Demonstration Synthesis