2025 – Page 18 – Kavli Institute Pre-Print Publications

Digital Modeling of Spatial Pathway Activity from Histology Reveals Tumor Microenvironment Heterogeneity

Posted by klaurent December 9, 2025Caltech

Kavli Affiliate: Changhuei Yang | Summary:Spatial transcriptomics (ST) enables simultaneous mapping of tissue morphology and spatially resolved gene expression, offering unique opportunities to study tumor microenvironment heterogeneity. Here, we introduce a computational framework that predicts spatial pathway activity directly from hematoxylin-and-eosin-stained histology images at microscale resolution 55 and 100 um. Using image features derived from […]

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EgoX: Egocentric Video Generation from a Single Exocentric Video

Posted by klaurent December 9, 2025February 17, 2026Stanford

Kavli Affiliate: Hsiao-Mei (Sherry) Cho| First 5 Authors: [#item_custom_name[1, [#item_custom_name[2, [#item_custom_name[3, [#item_custom_name[4, [#item_custom_name[5| Summary:Egocentric perception enables humans to experience and understand the world directly from their own point of view. Translating exocentric (third-person) videos into egocentric (first-person) videos opens up new possibilities for immersive understanding but remains highly challenging due to extreme camera pose variations […]

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The $L$-polynomial of hyperelliptic function fields and its applications

Posted by klaurent December 9, 2025February 17, 2026Stanford

Kavli Affiliate: Hsiao-Mei (Sherry) Cho| First 5 Authors: [#item_custom_name[1, [#item_custom_name[2, [#item_custom_name[3, [#item_custom_name[4, [#item_custom_name[5| Summary:Let $ell$ be an odd prime, $q$ an odd prime power such that $q notequiv 0 pmod ell$, and $m$ the order of $q$ in $F_ell^times$. We propose an explicit $L$-polynomial of hyperelliptic function field $K:=F_q(T, sqrt[ell]T^2+aT+b)$ with $a, b in F_q$ […]

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Improving the Sensitivity of Backdoor Detectors via Class Subspace Orthogonalization

Posted by klaurent December 9, 2025Chicago

Kavli Affiliate: David W. Miller | Summary:Most post-training backdoor detection methods rely on attacked models exhibiting extreme outlier detection statistics for the target class of an attack, compared to non-target classes. However, these approaches may fail: (1) when some (non-target) classes are easily discriminable from all others, in which case they may naturally achieve extreme […]

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Senescence-Linked Fibrosis in the Aging Human Ovary Revealed by p16-Based Histological Profiling and Spatial Transcriptomics

Posted by dbos December 8, 2025January 12, 2026Hopkins

Kavli Affiliate: Denis Wirtz | Authors: Mark A Watson, Pooja Raj Devrukhkar, Natalia F Murad, Fan Wu, Moo J Kim, Hannah Anvari, Uyen Tran, Nicolas Martin, Tommy Tran, Giuliana Zaza, Kevin Schneider, Bikem Soygur, Elisheva D Shanes, Denis Wirtz, MaryEllen G Pavone, Simon Melov, Pei-Hsun Wu, David Furman, Francesca E Duncan and Birgit Schilling | […]

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Structured Joint Decomposition (SJD) identifies shared dynamics across collections of biologically related multi-omics data matrices

Posted by dbos December 8, 2025January 12, 2026Hopkins

Kavli Affiliate: Brian Caffo | Authors: Huan Chen, Guangyan Li, Jinrui Liu, Shreyash Sonthalia, Genevieve Stein-OBrien, Luo Xiao, Brian Caffo and Carlo Colantuoni | Summary: It is necessary to develop exploratory tools to learn from the unprecedented volume of high-dimensional multi-omic data currently being produced across the field of biomedicine. We have developed an R […]

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The dynamic central environment of NGC 3516 revealed by XRISM

Posted by klaurent December 8, 2025MIT

Kavli Affiliate: Erin Kara | Summary:We present a detailed, time-resolved analysis of the Fe K band of the Seyfert 1.5 galaxy NGC 3516 observed with XRISM. The 249 ks observation spanning $sim$310 ks in elapsed time reveals an exceptionally rich and time-variable absorption spectrum. Six distinct absorption components are detected across multiple ionization states, spanning […]

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Hot, Photoionized X-ray Gas in Two Luminous Type 2 Quasars: Chandra-HST Evidence for a Wind-Driven Sequence

Posted by klaurent December 8, 2025Peking

Kavli Affiliate: Luis Ho | Summary:We present new Chandra/ACIS-S imaging spectroscopy of two luminous type 2 quasars, FIRST J120041.4+314745 ($z$=0.116) and 2MASX J13003807+5454367 ($z$=0.088), and compare their X-ray emission with Hubble Space Telescope [O III]$λ$5007 morphologies and kinematics. Both systems show kiloparsec-scale soft X-ray emission. In FIRST J120041, the X-ray morphology is clumpy and closely […]

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JWST TRAPPIST-1 e/b Program: Motivation and first observations

Posted by klaurent December 8, 2025MIT

Kavli Affiliate: Sara Seager | Summary:One of the forefront goals in the field of exoplanets is the detection of an atmosphere on a temperate terrestrial exoplanet, and among the best suited systems to do so is TRAPPIST-1. However, JWST transit observations of the TRAPPIST-1 planets show significant contamination from stellar surface features that we are […]

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SPHEREx Pre-Perihelion Mapping of $mathrmH_2O$, $mathrmCO_2$, and $mathrmCO$ in Interstellar Object 3I/ATLAS

Posted by klaurent December 8, 2025Caltech

Kavli Affiliate: James Bock | Summary:From 01- to 15-Aug-2025UT, the SPHEREx spacecraft observed interstellar object 3I/ATLAS. Using $R=40-130$ spectrophotometry at $λ=0.7-5$ $μ$m, light curves, spectra, and imaging of ATLAS were obtained. From these, robust detections of water gas emission at $2.7-2.8$ $μ$m and $CO_2$ gas at $4.23-4.27$ $μ$m plus tentative detections of $^13CO_2$ and $CO$ […]

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