Kavli Affiliate: Qingjuan Yu
| First 5 Authors: Zhiwei Chen, Zhiwei Chen, , ,
| Summary:
Lensed gravitational wave (GW) events are expected to be powerful new probes
of cosmology, contingent on redshift measurement by electromagnetic
observations. Host galaxy identification is thus crucial but challenging due to
poor localization by GW signal alone. In this paper, we show that the
third-generation ground-based GW detectors will detect a population of lensed
events with three or more detectable images (including the central one), each
arriving at distinct times and Earth locations in the space, forming an
effective network that reduces the typical localization area to $sim0.01$
deg$^2$. For at least $90%$ (or $50%$) of these events, the localization
improves by more than a factor of $10$ (or $30$) comparing with unlensed cases.
Such precise localization and multiple-image detections enable robust
host-galaxy identification and, through lens modelling, further yield
sub-arcsecond position. As “dark lensed sirens", these events become powerful
probes of cosmological parameters. Using simulated lensed compact-binary
mergers, we show that two-year or longer observations with third-generation GW
detectors can measure the Hubble constant to $lesssim1$% precision via “dark
lensed sirens" (even when relying solely on lensed stellar-mass binary black
hole events), while simultaneously constraining other cosmological parameters.
This approach will provide an independent, complementary avenue for measuring
cosmological parameters.
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