Mitigating antenna gain errors with HyFoReS in CHIME simulations

Kavli Affiliate: Kiyoshi W. Masui

| First 5 Authors: Haochen Wang, Panupong Phoompuang, Kiyoshi W. Masui, Arnab Chakraborty, Simon Foreman

| Summary:

Hybrid Foreground Residual Subtraction (HyFoReS) is a new family of
algorithms designed to remove systematics-induced foreground contamination for
21-cm intensity mapping data. Previously, the algorithm was shown to be
effective in mitigating beam perturbations in sky maps from the Canadian
Hydrogen Intensity Mapping Experiment (CHIME). In this study, we apply HyFoReS
to CHIME simulations and test the algorithm’s ability to mitigate antenna
gain-type systematics in polarized visibilities. Simulating a two-cylinder
telescope similar to the CHIME pathfinder, we find that HyFoReS reduces
foreground bias caused by bandpass perturbations to a level below the thermal
noise, provided that the RMS value of the perturbations is on the order of
$10^{-4}$ or lower. When tested with complex antenna-dependent gain errors,
HyFoReS can reduce residual foreground bias in the power spectrum by up to
three orders of magnitude. While noise bias and second-order perturbations are
currently the limiting factors for the algorithm, we have demonstrated that
HyFoReS can suppress gain-induced foreground leakage in polarized data from
21-cm telescopes, aiding in the detection of the 21-cm auto-power spectrum for
hydrogen intensity mapping experiments.

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