Kavli Affiliate: Renxin Xu
| First 5 Authors: Ang Li, Anna L. Watts, Guobao Zhang, Sebastien Guillot, Yanjun Xu
| Summary:
In this White Paper, we present the potential of the enhanced X-ray Timing
and Polarimetry (eXTP) mission to constrain the equation of state of dense
matter in neutron stars, exploring regimes not directly accessible to
terrestrial experiments. By observing a diverse population of neutron stars –
including isolated objects, X-ray bursters, and accreting systems – eXTP’s
unique combination of timing, spectroscopy, and polarimetry enables
high-precision measurements of compactness, spin, surface temperature,
polarimetric signals, and timing irregularity. These multifaceted observations,
combined with advances in theoretical modeling, pave the way toward a
comprehensive description of the properties and phases of dense matter from the
crust to the core of neutron stars. Under development by an international
Consortium led by the Institute of High Energy Physics of the Chinese Academy
of Sciences, the eXTP mission is planned to be launched in early 2030.
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