Kavli Affiliate: Xian Chen
| First 5 Authors: Hanlin Song, Han Yan, Yacheng Kang, Xian Chen, Junjie Zhao
| Summary:
New concepts for observing the gravitational waves (GWs) using a detector on
the Moon, such as the Lunar Gravitational-wave Antenna (LGWA), have gained
increasing attention. By utilizing the Moon as a giant antenna, the LGWA is
expected to detect GWs in the frequency range from 1 millihertz (mHz) to
several hertz, with optimal sensitivity in the decihertz band. Despite the
debated formation and evolution channel of intermediate-mass black holes
(IMBHs) with masses in the range of $[10^2, 10^5] {rm M_odot}$, binary
systems containing at least one IMBH are widely believed to generate GWs
spanning from mHz to a few Hz, making them a key scientific target for the
LGWA. We explore the detectability of IMBH binaries with the LGWA in this work.
The LGWA is more sensitive to nearby binaries (i.e. with redshift
$zlesssim0.5$) with the primary mass $m_1 in [10^4, 10^5] {rm M_odot}$,
while it prefers distant binaries (i.e. $z gtrsim 5$) with $m_1 in [10^3,
10^4] {rm M_odot}$. Considering a signal-to-noise ratio threshold of 10,
our results imply that the LGWA can detect IMBH binaries up to $z sim
mathcal{O}(10)$. We further show that the LGWA can constrain the primary mass
with relative errors $lesssim 0.1%$ for binaries at $z lesssim 0.5$.
Furthermore, we show that the IMBH binaries at $z lesssim 0.1$ can be used to
constrain redshift with relative errors $lesssim 10%$, and those with $m_1
in [10^4, 10^5] {rm M_odot}$ can be localized by the LGWA to be within
$mathcal{O} (10)$ $rm deg^2$.
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