Kavli Affiliate: Jing Wang
| First 5 Authors: Chao Chen, Shu-Tian Xue, Yu-Peng Shi, Jing Wang, Zi-Mo Cheng
| Summary:
The Hong-Ou-Mandel effect is a paradigmatic quantum phenomenon demonstrating
the interference of two indistinguishable photons that are linearly coupled at
a 50:50 beam splitter. Here, we transpose such a two-particle quantum
interference effect to the nonlinear regime, when two single photons are
impinging on a parametric down-conversion crystal. Formally, this transposition
amounts to exchanging space and time variables, giving rise to an unknown form
of timelike quantum interference. The two-photon component of the output state
is a superposition of the incident photons being either transmitted or reborn,
that is, replaced by indistinguishable substitutes due to their interaction
with the nonlinear crystal. We experimentally demonstrate the suppression of
the probability of detecting precisely one photon pair when the amplification
gain is tuned to 2, which arises from the destructive interference between the
transmitted and reborn photon pairs. This heretofore unobserved quantum
manifestation of indistinguishability in time pushes nonlinear quantum
interference towards a new regime with multiple photons. Hence, composing this
effect with larger linear optical circuits should provide a tool to generate
multimode quantum non-Gaussian states, which are essential resources for
photonic quantum computers.
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