Kavli Affiliate: Ke Wang
| First 5 Authors: Aosai Zhang, Haipeng Xie, Yu Gao, Jia-Nan Yang, Zehang Bao
| Summary:
A long-standing challenge in quantum computing is developing technologies to
overcome the inevitable noise in qubits. To enable meaningful applications in
the early stages of fault-tolerant quantum computing, devising methods to
suppress post-correction logical failures is becoming increasingly crucial. In
this work, we propose and experimentally demonstrate the application of
zero-noise extrapolation, a practical quantum error mitigation technique, to
error correction circuits on state-of-the-art superconducting processors. By
amplifying the noise on physical qubits, the circuits yield outcomes that
exhibit a predictable dependence on noise strength, following a polynomial
function determined by the code distance. This property enables the effective
application of polynomial extrapolation to mitigate logical errors. Our
experiments demonstrate a universal reduction in logical errors across various
quantum circuits, including fault-tolerant circuits of repetition and surface
codes. We observe a favorable performance in multi-round error correction
circuits, indicating that this method remains effective when the circuit depth
increases. These results advance the frontier of quantum error suppression
technologies, opening a practical way to achieve reliable quantum computing in
the early fault-tolerant era.
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